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What Tools Are Useful in Identifying Opportunities and Threats?. Objective. Improve your ability to identify opportunities and threats by scanning, monitoring, forecasting, and assessing the business environment . Industry Environment. Owners Suppliers Governments Special interest groups
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What Tools Are Useful in Identifying Opportunities and Threats?
Objective Improve your ability to identify opportunities and threats by scanning, monitoring, forecasting, and assessing the business environment
Industry Environment • Owners • Suppliers • Governments • Special interest groups • Employees • Customers • Competitors • Creditors • Communities • Trade associations Internal Business Structures Culture, Resources Environmental Dimensions Economic Sociocultural Demographic Political/Legal Global Societal Environment Technological
Segments of the Societal Environment • Demographic • Population, age, income distribution • Economic • Growth in GDP, currency exchanges rates, inflation, interest, budget surplus/deficit, personal and business savings rates • Political/legal • Antitrust laws, tax laws, labor laws, deregulation philosophies, environmental philosophies
Segments of the General Environment • Sociocultural • Position on “family farms,” attitudes toward GMO’s, quality of work/life, value for rural communities • Technological • Product innovations, applications of knowledge, focus of private and government supported R&D • Global • Important political events; critical global markets; different cultural, political, and institutional attributes; trade surplus/deficit
Industry Analysis: The Five Forces Threat of New Entrants Bargaining Power of Suppliers Bargaining Power Of Buyers Industry Competitors Rivalry Among Existing Firms Threat of Substitute Products or Services
Industry Analysis: Modified Five Forces Threat of New Entrants Other Stakeholders Bargaining Power of Suppliers Bargaining Power Of Buyers Industry Competitors Rivalry Among Existing Firms Threat of Substitute Products or Services
Buyers/Customers • Who are they? • Who will they be? • Who should they be? • Are we serving specific segments? • What are the specific needs of our customers? • What important/anticipated changes will take place for our customers?
Power of Buyers • Buyers affect an industry by their ability to force down prices, bargain for higher quality or more services, and play competitors against each other. • Factors to consider about buyer: • Buyer purchases a large portion of seller’s product • Alternative suppliers are plentiful • Switching costs are low • There is potential to integrate backwards • Low margins make bargain hunting necessary • Product is high percentage of buyer’s cost
Threat of Substitute Products or Services • Product that can satisfy the same need as another product. • Examples might be: • Chicken for pork or beef • Wheat for corn in feed rations • Chemicals for mechanical weed control • Consider • Switching costs • Product-service bundle
Industry Rivalry & Our Competitors • Who are they? • What drives our competitors? • What are their vision, mission, goals, and objectives? • What are our competitors currently doing? • What is the competitor’s view of itself and the future of the industry? • What are our competitors’ capabilities? • Where do we hold an advantage over our competitors?
Rivalry Among Firms • Amount of direct competition among businesses in the industry • Factors to consider: • Number of competitors • Diversity of rivals • Rate of industry growth • Product characteristics • Height of exit barriers • Amount of fixed costs
Threat of New Entrants • Potential for new comers to the industry • Factors to consider: • Economies of scale • Capital requirements • Access to distribution channels • Product differentiation
Power of Suppliers • Suppliers affect an industry by their ability to raise prices or reduce the quality of purchased goods and services. • Factors to consider: • Dominated by a few large companies • Buyer only buys small portion of suppliers goods and services • Product or service is unique (high switching costs) • Substitutes are not readily available
Other Stakeholders • Include • Local units of government • Community organizations • Special interest groups • Creditors • Can influence: • Cost of doing business • Risk • Environmental regulations/requirements
Competitive Actions to the Five Forces • Positioning • Identify skills and abilities that our business must have. • Influencing • Changing the forces in the industry. • Anticipating & exploiting change • Examine the forces, forecast the magnitude of each underlying cause, determine likely profit picture of the industry and then craft a strategy.
Assessing Current Position The bottom-line: Analyzing the dimensions of the external environment with respect to your firm, your competitors, and your customers will help identify potential opportunities for improvement and potential threats to success.