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PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS

PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS. The psychological factors are the more subjective ones to evaluate because each person perceives reality in different way according to his/her socio-demographic profile and personality traits, motivations and expectations.

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PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS

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  1. PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS The psychological factors are the more subjective ones to evaluate because each person perceives reality in different way according to his/her socio-demographic profile and personality traits, motivations and expectations. The tourist experience can be structured in the following phases: Previously to the visit During the visit After the visit The tourist experience begins in the moment that visitor starts to interact with the site. And that happens before to get the place...

  2. PREVIOUS PHASES TO THE VISIT Needs, Motivations and Expectations Recreational Needs: Recreation includes a set of activities that people develop during his/her free time looking for the satisfaction of physical and mental needs. They vary a lot, according to the different living style and personality traits, of the people. Recreational motivations: they are internal forces that address people to act in order to satisfy their recreational needs. Basically, they can be grouped in 4 types: entertainment, education, esthetics and scape (adventure). Expectations: They are what visitors want from the experience. They are built with the information that visitors receives from the site (projected image). This image can be forged even before visiting the site or before receiving commercial information as people over the life, accumulate information related to historic, politic, economic and social facts that are continously shaping his/her image (memories). The information sources (stimulating factors) can be: official, commercial, and other prescriptors.

  3. PHASES TAKEN PLACE IN THE SITE I Perception Perception and recreational experience it-self are processes taken place in the site. They can affect the personal impression that the visitor will create from his/her full immerssion in the activity and/or the absortion of all the information that the environment provides. Perception is a process that allows people to receive firstly information about environment (stimulus) through the senses (sensations); thereafter, the brain selects, organises and interpretes informations in order to create the perceived image. This process is a task of both senses and brain (memory capacity, learning and intelligence) for giving meaning to the new information and to link it to previous cognitive elements (ideas, memories, believes, previous feelings, models, previous experiences, etc.). Perception can vary according the personality traits, previous knowledge, observer experience and cultural development of each person.

  4. PHASES TAKEN PLACE IN THE SITE II Sensations (Reality/ Input) Emotions (Output) Perception (InternalProcessing) Memory Learning Intelligence Feelings (Assessment) Actitude Behaviour • Perception has two dimensions: cognitive or rational dimension, and emotional or affective dimension. • The cognitive dimension is based on the knowledge of site attributes: resources, attractions, facilities, services, etc. This dimension has few real possibilities of mistake because resources and attraction are those existant . Nevertheless, they must be adequately presented to the public and in good state of conservation. • The emotional dimension is subjective and can be stimulated or even improved. The mental process followed is:

  5. PHASES TAKEN PLACE IN THE SITE III Sensations STIMULUS SENSORY RECEPTORS SENSATION vision They detect physic conditions (waves, etc.) or chemical ones (gases, etc.) from the environment and trasmit this information to the brain hearing Some of them are in the body surface (senses) Others are in the muscles, tendons and joints They inform about the body orientation in the space, about the position of the members (walking, balance, etc.) smell There are others in the interior of the body organs. They inform about the physiologic changes in the environmental conditions (pH, temperature, air presure). They bring us pain, hunger, thirst, nausea, etc. taste touch

  6. PHASES TAKEN PLACE IN THE SITE IV Emotions Emotions are a complex set of physical, chemical and neuronal answers that affect all the body. They are characterized by very varied range of physiological changes (breath, pulse, secretions, etc.), and from the mental side: state of excitement (calmness, joy, pleasure, fear, sadness, anger, surprise, etc.). They are provoked by sensations and/or external stimuli but also by internal ones (thoughts, memories, etc.). Duration of an emotion can vary from some seconds to several hours. Emotions predispose people to the action.

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