Introduction to Poetry

Introduction to Poetry Day 1

Bell Ringer On your KWL chart, fill in what you Know about poetry and what you Want to know about poetry. We will revisit this for the Exit Ticket. K W L

Objective I can identify various aspects of poetry. LASS: RL.7.4

Motivator – What is poetry? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K_CsInWru-8

What is poetry? What is figurative language? How can I interpret figurative language? How are the two related to each other? Essential Questions

Poetry Poetry is an imaginative awareness of experience expressed through meaning, sound, and rhythmic language choices so as to evoke an emotional response.

POETRY SPEAKS TO THE HEART Poetry asks you to feel something (that’s the heart part), not just think about it. You can tell how the poet feels about being alone in the following example: Silence is A friend in times of sorrow When all the amiable chatter in the world Brings no relief -Jennifer Karakka

Types of Poems Ballad – story told in verse, meant to be sung Epic – long, narrative poem that tells the deeds of a hero Lyric – expresses the speaker’s personal thoughts or feelings Narrative – poetry that tells a story Soliloquy – speech where a character reveals his/her thoughts; will be found in drama (monologue) or longer poem

Literally:words function exactly as defined The car is blue. He caught the football. Figuratively: figure out what it means I’ve got your back. You’re a doll. Figures of Speech Figurative and Literal Language

Simile a direct comparison between two unlike things, usually using the words “like” or “as” Using “like” or “as” doesn’t make a simile. A comparison must be made. Not a Simile:I like pizza. Simile:The moon is like a pizza.

analogy A comparison of two word pairs which have the same relationship. Example: Shoe is to foot as tire is to wheel.

Symbolism Use of a person, place, thing, or idea to stand for something else. Example:

Stanza Consists of two or more lines of poetry that are grouped together; similar to paragraphs in a story.

Onomatopoeia • A word that “makes” a sound

flashback An interruption in the action of a plot to tell what happened at an earlier time.

refrain A group of words repeated at intervals in a poem, song, speech.

Verse Writing in which words are arranged in a rhythmic pattern

exaggeration An overstatement or stretching of the truth to emphasize a point. Example: I’m so hungry I can eat a horse.

parody A form satire that imitates another work of art in order to ridicule it.

foreshadowing The use of clues to suggest events that will happen later in the plot. Examples The beginning of “The Diary of Anne Frank” foreshadows the events to come in the rest of the story.

Metaphor A way of describing something by comparing it to something else; implied comparison between two unlike things Examples: All the world is a stage. Men are dogs. Her heart is stone.

Personification to give human characteristics to something that is not human (i.e., animals, objects, or ideas) Examples The sunlight danced. Water on the lake shivers. The streets are calling me.

Alliteration: The repetition of the initial consonant sounds. Example Peter Piper picked a pickled pepper. We lurk late. We shoot straight.

Assonance: The repetition of initial vowel sound. Example: The pain may drain Drake, but maybe the weight is fake.

Consonance When consonants repeat in the middle or end of words. Vowels:a, e, i, o, u, and sometimes y. Consonants: all other letters. Examples Mammals named Samare clammy. Curse, bless me now! With fierce tears I prey.

Repetition Repeating a word or words for effect. Example Nobody No, nobody Can make it out here alone. Alone, all alone Nobody, but nobody Can make it out here alone.

An exaggerated statement used to heighten effect. It is not used to mislead the reader, but to emphasize a point. Hyperbole • Example: • She’s said so on several million occasions.

sarcasm • Use of praise to make fun of or put down someone; often used to hurt someone’s feelings Examples I have a patch on my jacket. Someone says, “Nice jacket! Is that the latest in high fashion?”

Language that appeals to the senses. Descriptions of people or objects stated in terms of our senses. Imagery • Sight • Hearing • Touch • Taste • Smell Winter Moon How thin and sharp is the moon tonight! How thin and sharp and ghostly white Is the slim curved crook of the moon tonight! Langston Hughes

An idiom or idiomatic expression refers to a construction of words or expression different from the ordinary meaning of the words. The context can help you understand what an idiom means. Idioms Example: "She has a bee in her bonnet," meaning "she is obsessed," cannot be literally translated into another language word for word.

Use of sarcasm, irony, or wit to attack a habit, idea, or custom satire Example: “The Tortoise and the Hare” “The Lion and the Mouse”

Irony • When a speaker intends something entirely different than what is said • Say it one way, but “secretly” mean it the opposite way • Example • Someone accomplishes something hard or is very successful and you say, “You’ve certainly made a mess of things.” • “It smells really good in here!” when referring to something that smells terrible.

When words are arranged in such a way that they make a pattern or beat. Hint: you can hum the words instead of saying them. Rhythm Example There once was a man from Peru, Who dreamed of eating his shoe, He awoke with a fright, In the middle of the night, And found that his dream had come true!

The pattern of end rhymes in a poem. To indicate the rhyme scheme of a poem, use a separate letter of the alphabet for each rhyme. Rhyme scheme Example Darkness settles on roofs and walls, But the sea, the sea in the darkness calls; The little waves, with their soft, white hands, Efface the footprints in the sands, And the tide rises, the tide falls. --Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, from “The Tide Rises, the Tide Falls” a a b b a

Expression with less strength than expected. Understatement The opposite of hyperbole. Examples: I’ll be there in one second. This won’t hurt a bit.

Pun A form of “word play” in which words have a double meaning. • Examples: • I wondered why the baseball was getting bigger and then it hit me. • I’m reading a book about anti-gravity. It’s impossible to put it down. • I was going to look for my missing watch, but I didn’t have the time.

Proverb • A figurative saying in which a bit of “wisdom” is given. • Examples: • An apple a day keeps the doctor away • The early bird catches the worm

Oxymoron • When two words are put together that contradict each other. “Opposites” • Examples: • Jumbo Shrimp • Pretty Ugly • Freezer Burn

TOD On your KWL chart, fill in something new that you have Learned about poetry. K W L

Introduction to Poetry