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Medelian Genetics

Medelian Genetics. Biology Standard. SB2 c. Using Mendel’s laws, explain the role of meiosis in reproductive variability. Gregor Mendel. An Austrian monk who predicted how traits get from one generation to the next. How did he do this?. Mendel observed pea plants (they reproduce sexually).

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Medelian Genetics

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  1. Medelian Genetics

  2. Biology Standard • SB2 c.Using Mendel’s laws, explain the role of meiosis in reproductive variability.

  3. Gregor Mendel • An Austrian monk who predicted how traits get from one generation to the next.

  4. How did he do this? • Mendel observed pea plants (they reproduce sexually). • Observed one trait at a time. • Crossed desired traits of one plant with traits of another. • Female plants gametes (eggs). • Male plant gametes (pollen).

  5. ` Mendels’ Lab • S = Round (dominant) • s= Shriveled (recessive) • F1=first offspring • F2=second generation

  6. Cross pollinate Pollen from a different plant placed with the female gametes Self pollinate Plants reproduce using it’s own pollen and eggs Cross pollinate vs. Self pollinate

  7. Genotype What is expressed on the gene. Phenotype Physical (what one sees with the eye) Genotype vs Phenotype

  8. Genes or Jeans? • Genes exist on the chromosome they can be dominant or recessive. • Alleles are the type of gene.

  9. Type of Alleles • Homozygous dominant (two big letters) • Heterozygous (one big letter one small letter) • Homozygous recessive (two small letters)

  10. Punnett Squares • Maternal- Mother • Paternal- Father • A= almond eyes • a= round eyes • What does 1:2:1 ratio mean? • What does 3:1 ratio represent?

  11. Types of Punnetts • Monohybrid crosses involve one trait. • Dihybrid crosses involve two traits.

  12. Laws, Laws, Laws Mendel came up with three laws • Law of Dominance- the dominant alleles will prevent the recessive allele from showing up. The recessive allele will appear only when paired with another recessive allele.

  13. Laws, Laws, Laws • Law of Segregation (separation)- genes separate when gametes are formed, each gamete has one allele of each pair. • Law of Independent Assortment- different pairs of genes separate independently of each other when gametes are formed

  14. According to the EOCT

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