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Comprehensive Analysis of Safety Standards for RESS in Vehicles

This document by JASIC highlights the importance of safety standards for RESS in vehicles with a focus on potential risks like fire/explosion, overcharge, short circuits, and more. It emphasizes harmonization and practical requirements for various battery chemistries.

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Comprehensive Analysis of Safety Standards for RESS in Vehicles

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  1. Consideration for Safety Standard of RESS 2 November 2010 Transmitted by Japan Automobile Standards Internationalization Center (JASIC)

  2. Basic Thought of Japan • World-wide Harmonization is important • Rapid growth of EV/PHEV/HEV market in various regions • Reasonable, Effective and Practicable requirements • Examine status of development of existing regulations or standards • Seek for harmonization and reciprocal arrangement with UN38.3 for Li-ion

  3. Scope and Approach • Define presumed conditions • Ensure safety while RESS is installed on vehicle • Examine of potential risk and countermeasure according to type of battery chemistry with Prioritization (i.e. Li-ion) • Non-water based electrolyte (e.g. Li-ion) • Water based electrolyte (e.g. NiMH, Lead-acid) • Molten salt, Molten metal (e.g. ZEBRA, NaS) • Adequately apply functional requirement or structural requirement

  4. Potential Safety Risks and relevant ECE Regulations 1 2 3 4 Fire/Explosion is the potential risks to be addressed, where definition of “Fire” and “Explosion” to be agreed

  5. FTA resulting “Fire” of Li-ion Battery Fire Numbers correspond to state of vehicle in slide#4 Venting gas generated from electrolyte Flammable substances Overcharge 1 2 and Over-discharge 1 2 External Heat Heat 4 Self Heating Over temperature 1 2 Over current charge 2 Short Circuit(External) Dew 1 2 Cell rupture 1 2 3 Short Circuit(Internal) +/- electrodes contact 1 2 1 2 3 Electrode-metal contact 1 2 Leakage of electrolyte Cell rupture Shock 1 3 Cell rupture Crush 3 and Vibration Ignition 1 May exist from various sources Thermal cycle 1 2 and Oxygen Low Pressure 1 2 5

  6. Phenomena to be examined 1 2 3 4 Next Step: Examine existing standards for each phenomenon

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