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Multi-scale approach to HM and POP modelling

Multi-scale approach to HM and POP modelling. Oleg Travnikov , Alexey Gusev, Ilia Ilyin, Victor Shatalov, Valeriy Sokovykh. Meteorological Synthesizing Centre East of EMEP (EMEP/MSC-E). Emissions. Meteorology. Geophysics. Atmosphere. Ocean. Terrestrial. Heavy metals (Hg, Pb, Cd, …).

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Multi-scale approach to HM and POP modelling

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  1. Multi-scale approach to HM and POP modelling Oleg Travnikov, Alexey Gusev, Ilia Ilyin, Victor Shatalov, Valeriy Sokovykh Meteorological Synthesizing Centre East of EMEP (EMEP/MSC-E)

  2. Emissions Meteorology Geophysics Atmosphere Ocean Terrestrial Heavy metals (Hg, Pb, Cd, …) POPs (HCB, PCDD/Fs, PAH, …) Chemical reactants Atmospheric aerosol National Global Regional GLEMOS: status and new developments Global EMEP Multi-media Modelling System (GLEMOS) • Main features: • Multi-pollutant formulation (heavy metals, POPs, aerosol, …) • Multi-media simulation approach • Modular architecture • Consistent approach for multi-scale simulations (multiple nesting) On-going developments: Multi-scale: Testing the nesting procedure Multi-media: Oceanic modules for POPs and Hg Reactants ant aerosol: Development of chemical modules Pollutants: Hg atmospheric chemistry, wind re-suspension of HMs

  3. Global Hg deposition (Jan 2009) (1°×1°) Hg deposition in Europe (0.25°×0.25°) Multi-scale simulations Nesting in GLEMOS: regional simulations in lat-lon projection • Nesting procedure: • Consistent geometries of inner and outer domains (projection, grids, vertical layers etc.) • Possibility to use the same meteorological driver (WRF) • Use of the same model code for different scales • Temporal resolution of boundary exchange from hourly to monthly

  4. Hg deposition in Europe (0.25°×0.25°) Hg deposition over the Netherlands (0.05°×0.05°) Multi-scale simulations GLEMOS application for local scale simulations in Europe

  5. Concentration of PCB-153 in seawater (2009) Atlantic ocean transect at 45°N (July 2009) pg/L North America Europe 0.01 m k , h t 0.1 p e D 1 60W 50W 40W 30W 20W 10W 0 Longitude Multi-media simulations of POPs and Hg Development of oceanic modules for POPs and Hg • New developments: • Implementation of new oceanological driver for multi-media modelling • Evaluation of POP oceanic transport in long-term simulations (1930-2010) • Data collection and development of parameterization for Hg chemistry in seawater

  6. Annual mean SO2 air concentration, mg[S]/m3 Concentration in precipitation, mg[S]/L Chemical reactants and aerosol Development of reactants and aerosol modules for GLEMOS • Purpose: • Support and improvement of HM and POP simulations with consistent data on reactants (SOx, O3, OH, BrO, …) and aerosol • Approach: • Implementation of existing full scale or simplified chemical schemes • Primarily based on developments available within EMEP (MSC-W model) • Keeping the modular approach

  7. BrO (15 Apr 2009) Hg0 (15 Apr 2009) Ny Ålesund Ny Ålesund 15 Apr 2009 Ny Ålesund (Norway) New developments in Hg modelling Update and evaluation of Hg chemical scheme • Recent updates: • Assimilation of dailyBrO satellite measurements • Further evaluation of Hg chemistry with halogens (Br, BrO) • Improvement of the of the AMDEsmechanism in the Arctic • Refinement of Hg re-emission from snow

  8. PM10 measurements in Germany, Czechia, Slovakia and Poland 23-25 March 2007 Southern Ukraine Wind-blown dust from arable lands in southern Ukraine Testing dust suspension scheme Simulation of dust suspension event from Ukraine, March 2007 • Objective of the study: • Evaluation and improvement of the dust suspension from arable lands • Approach: • Modelling of wind-blown dust episode (23-25 March 2007) • Evaluation vs. detailed PM national observations • Observations: • Germany (UBA) – 302 sites • Czech Rep. (CHMI) – 69 sites • Slovakia (SHMU) – 27 sites Source: Birmili et al., 2008

  9. 20 Mar 2007 23 Mar 2007 9 2.5 Total PM10 suspension from southern Ukraine and Russia 2.0 1.5 12-28 Mar 2007 PM10 total suspension, kg/day x 10 1.0 0.5 0.0 24 Mar 2007 25 Mar 2007 18 Mar 07 19 Mar 07 20 Mar 07 21 Mar 07 22 Mar 07 23 Mar 07 24 Mar 07 25 Mar 07 26 Mar 07 27 Mar 07 28 Mar 07 Modelling wind-blown dust episode Simulation of dust suspension from arable lands PM10 suspension flux in Europe

  10. GB36 Peak: 25 Mar (00h-21h) Simulated primary PM10 (24 March) DEHH015 Peak: 24 Mar (05h-24h) Modelling wind-blown dust episode Simulation of atmospheric transport of wind-blown dust Note: The model generally overestimates observed peaks

  11. Dust event average PM10 concentration DEHH015 GB36 Modelling wind-blown dust episode Evaluation and improvement of the model dust scheme • Model modifications: • Refinement of soil data: ISLSCP (1°×1°) → HSWD (0.08°×0.08°) • Revision of micro-meteorological parameters (roughness, front area index etc.)

  12. Annual mean Pb concentration in air (2007) Košetice (CZ3) Wind re-suspension of HMs Refinement of HM enrichment parameters for topsoil • Methodology: • HM content in soil based on soil measured (FOREGS atlas) • Surface layer enrichment proportional to multi-year HM deposition to different LC types

  13. Influence function for CZ3 July 2007 CZ3 Pb concentration in air (2007) Adjoint modelling Application of adjoint modelling for evaluation of emission fields Adjoint model: An adjoint model to a CTM provides estimates of spatially resolved influence functions ∂C/∂E for a chosen receptor: • Applied approach: • Simulation of daily influence functions for particular receptor (CZ3) • Variational optimization of emission fields (anthropogenic and re-suspension) to minimize model-measurement discrepancies at selected receptor Košetice (CZ3) • Analysis of the optimized fields from the view point of possible emission uncertainties

  14. Pb concentration in air (2007) October 2007 Optimized (anthrop.) CZ3 Influence function Changes of total Pb emission Optimization coefficients CZ3 Anthrop. emissions Application of adjoint modelling Optimization of HM anthropogenic emissions distribution

  15. Pb concentration in air (2007) March 2007 Optimized (re-susp.) CZ3 Influence function Optimization coefficients CZ3 CZ3 CZ3 Arable lands Bare lands Urban areas Application of adjoint modelling Optimization of HM re-suspension distribution

  16. Main future directions • Multi-media approach: • Development and implementation of oceanic modules for Hg • Pollutants and processes: • Extension of GLEMOS parameterizations to cover wide range of POPs (HCB, PAHs, PCDD/Fs) • Further refinement and evaluation of HM re-suspension scheme (urban and arid areas, seasalt aerosol) • Multi-scale simulations and the model code: • Further work on adaptation of GLEMOS for regional scale simulations within EMEP (0.2°×0.2°) • Preparation of the GLEMOS code for distribution as open source software

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