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Understanding Nehemiah 5:1-11: People's Cry and Nehemiah's Response

Explore the outcry of the people in Nehemiah 5:1-4, Nehemiah's rebuke and actions in response, comparing children in Nehemiah 5:5-7, and the themes of usury and redemption explored in Malachi, Job, and Leviticus.

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Understanding Nehemiah 5:1-11: People's Cry and Nehemiah's Response

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  1. THE TEMPLE SOLOMON’S TEMPLE SOLOMON FINISHED THE TEMPLE (959 BC)? DESTROYED BY NEBUCHADNEZZAR (586 BC)? ZERUBBABEL’S TEMPLE RECONSTRUCTION UNDER CYRUS (536 BC)? BUILDING CEASES UNDER ARTAXERXES (17 YEARS)? BUILDING CONTINUES UNDER DARIUS (519 BC)? TEMPLE COMPLETED UNDER DARIUS (516 BC)? (516-458 BC)? HEROD’S TEMPLE CONSTRUCTION BEGAN (20 BC)? COMPLETED 46 YEARS (JOHN 2:20) (64 AD)?

  2. CHRONOLOGY OF BOOKS OBADIAH (605-585 BC)? EZEKIEL (593-571 BC)? DANIEL (605-530 BC)? EZRA (538-457 BC)? ZECHARIAH (520-480 BC)? ESTHER (479-478 BC)? NEHEMIAH (445-432 BC)? MALACHI (440-430 BC)?

  3. BABYLONIAN CAPTIVITY NEBUCHADNEZZAR DANIEL 1:1 (539 BC)? CYRUS EZRA 1-3 (538-537 BC)? AHASUERUS EZRA 4 (7 MONTHS) (537 BC)? DARIUS EZRA 5-6 (536-516 BC)? QUEEN ESTHER ESTHER 2-10 (479-478 BC)? ARTAXERXES LONGIMANUS (465-424 BC)? EZRA 7-10 (458-457 BC)? NEHEMIAH 1-13 (445-432 BC)?

  4. PEOPLE TO REMEMBER NEBUCHADNEZZAR - DESTROYED JERUSALEM (586 BC)? ARTAXERXES - KING OF PERSIA 465-425 BC? LONGIMANUS - SON OF XERXES NEHEMIAH -COMFORTED OF YAHWEH SON OF HACHALIAH - BROTHER OF HANANI 445-433 BC? ADVERSARIES OF NEHEMIAH SANBALLAT THE HORONITE - GOVERNOR OF SAMARIA TOBIAH THE AMMONITE - JOINT GOVERNOR WITH SANBALLAT GESHEM THE ARAB - CHIEF OF THE ARABS IN SAMARIA ELIASHIB THE HIGH PRIEST

  5. OUTLINE NEHEMIAH CHAPTER FIVE JEWS ARE OPPRESSED BY THEIR BRETHREN: V. 1-3 NEHEMIAH REBUKES THEM FOR THEIR CRUELTY: V. 4-13 NEHEMIAH'S GENEROSITY AND LIBERALITY: V. 14-17 LIST OF DAILY PROVISION FOR HIS TABLE: V. 18-19

  6. READ: NEHEMIAH 5:1-4 1 And there was a great outcry of the people and their wives against their Jewish brethren. 2 For there were those who said, "We, our sons, and our daughters are many; therefore let us get grain, that we may eat and live." 3 There were also some who said, "We have mortgaged our lands and vineyards and houses, that we might buy grain because of the famine.“ 4 There were also those who said, "We have borrowed money for the king's tax on our lands and vineyards.

  7. QUESTIONS: NEHEMIAH 5:1-4 1 And there was a great outcry of the people and their wivesagainst their Jewish brethren. 2 For there were those who said, "We, our sons, and our daughters are many; therefore let us get grain, that we may eat and live." 3 There were also some who said, "We have mortgaged our landsand vineyards and houses, that we might buy grain because of the famine." 4 There were also those who said, "We have borrowed money for the king's tax on our lands and vineyards. WHO WERE THE PEOPLE UPSET WITH? WHAT WERE THEY SAYING? WHAT HAD THEY MORTGAGED? WHY? WHY DID THEY HAVE TO BORROW MONEY?

  8. READ: NEHEMIAH 5:5-7 5 "Yet now our flesh is as the flesh of our brethren, our children as their children; and indeed we are forcing our sons and our daughters to be slaves, and some of our daughters have been brought into slavery. It is not in our power to redeem them, for other men have our lands and vineyards." 6 And I became very angry when I heard their outcry and these words. 7 After serious thought, I rebuked the nobles and rulers, and said to them, "Each of you is exacting usury from his brother." So I called a great assembly against them.

  9. QUESTIONS: NEHEMIAH 5:5-7 5 "Yet now our flesh is as the flesh of our brethren, our children as their children; and indeed we are forcing our sons and our daughters to be slaves, and some of our daughters have been brought into slavery. It is not in our power to redeem them, for other men have our lands and vineyards." WHO ARE THEY COMPARING THEIR CHILDREN TO? READ: MALACHI 2:10 10 Have we not all one Father? Has not one God created us? Why do we deal treacherously with one anotherby profaning the covenant of the fathers? (NKJ) READ: JOB 31:15 15 Did not He who made me in the wombmake them? Did not the same Onefashion us in the womb? (NKJ)

  10. QUESTIONS: NEHEMIAH 5:5-7 5 "Yet now our flesh is as the flesh of our brethren, our children as their children; and indeed we are forcing our sons and our daughtersto be slaves, and some of our daughtershave been brought into slavery. It is not in our power to redeem them, for other men have our lands and vineyards." WHAT WERE THEY FORCING THEIR CHILDREN TO DO? READ: LEVITICUS 25:39 39 ‘If one of your brethren who dwells by you becomes poor, and sells himself to you, you shall not compel him to serve as a slave. (NKJ) WHY WERE THEY UNABLE TO REDEEM THEM?

  11. QUESTIONS: NEHEMIAH 5:5-7 6 And I became very angry when I heard their outcry and these words. 7 After serious thought, I rebukedthe nobles and rulers, and said to them, "Each of youis exacting usury from his brother." So I called a great assembly against them. WHY DID NEHEMIAH BECOME ‘ANGRY’? WHO WAS HE ANGRY WITH? WHAT DID HE SAY TO THEM? WHAT IS ‘USURY’? WHAT DID NEHEMIAH DO?

  12. READ: NEHEMIAH 5:8-11 8 And I said to them, "According to our ability we have redeemed our Jewish brethren who were sold to the nations. Now indeed, will you even sell your brethren? Or should they be sold to us?" Then they were silenced and found nothing to say. 9 Then I said, "What you are doing is not good. Should you not walk in the fear of our God because of the reproach of the nations, our enemies?“ 10 "I also, with my brethren and my servants, am lending them money and grain. Please, let us stop this usury! 11 "Restore now to them, even this day, their lands, their vineyards, their olive groves, and their houses, also a hundredth of the money and the grain, the new wine and the oil, that you have charged them."

  13. QUESTIONS: NEHEMIAH 5:8-11 8 And I said to them, "According to our abilitywe have redeemed our Jewish brethren who were sold to the nations. Now indeed, will you even sell your brethren? Or should they be sold to us?" Then they were silenced and found nothing to say. 9 Then I said, "What you are doing is not good. Should you not walk in the fear of our God because of the reproach of the nations, our enemies?“ HOW DID THEY REDEEM THEIR JEWISH BRETHREN? FROM WHOM DID THEY REDEEM THEM? WHAT IS HE ACCUSING THESE BRETHREN OF? HOW DID THEY RESPOND TO HIS ACCUSATION? HOW SHOULD THEY WALK? WHY?

  14. QUESTIONS: NEHEMIAH 5:8-11 WHAT DID GOD WANT THEM TO DO? READ: ISAIAH 58:6-7 6 "Is this not the fast that I have chosen: to loose the bonds of wickedness, to undo the heavy burdens, to let the oppressed go free, and that you break every yoke? 7 Is it not to share your bread with the hungry, and that you bring to your house the poor who are cast out; when you see the naked, that you cover him, and not hide yourself from your own flesh? (NKJ)

  15. QUESTIONS: NEHEMIAH 5:8-11 10 "I also, with my brethren and my servants, am lending them money and grain. Please, let us stop this usury! WHAT WAS NEHEMIAH AND HIS FRIENDS DOING? WHAT DID HE ASK THESE PEOPLE TO DO? WHAT IS USURY? READ: DEUTERONOMY 23:19-20 19 "You shall not charge interest to your brother-- interest on money or food or anything that is lent out at interest. (NKJ)

  16. QUESTIONS: NEHEMIAH 5:8-11 11 "Restore now to them, even this day, their lands, their vineyards, their olive groves, and their houses, also a hundredth of the money and the grain, the new wine and the oil, that you have charged them." WHAT DID HE ASK THESE PEOPLE TO DO? WHAT SHOULD THEY RESTORE TO THEM? WHY?

  17. READ: NEHEMIAH 5:12-13 12 So they said, "We will restore it, and will require nothing from them; we will do as you say." Then I called the priests, and required an oath from them that they would do according to this promise. 13 Then I shook out the fold of my garment and said, "So may God shake out each man from his house, and from his property, who does not perform this promise. Even thus may he be shaken out and emptied." And all the assembly said, "Amen!" and praised the LORD. Then the people did according to this promise.

  18. QUESTIONS: NEHEMIAH 5:12-13 12 So they said, "We will restore it, and will require nothing from them; we will do as you say." Then I called the priests, and required an oath from them that they would do according to this promise. HOW DID THEY RESPOND? WHY DID NEHEMIAH CALL THE PRIESTS? WHY REQUIRE THESE PEOPLE TO TAKE AN OATH?

  19. QUESTIONS: NEHEMIAH 5:12-13 13 Then I shook out the fold of my garment and said, "So may God shake out each manfrom his house, and from his property, who does not perform this promise. Even thusmay he be shaken out and emptied." And all the assembly said, "Amen!" and praised the LORD. Then the people did according to this promise. WHY DID NEHEMIAH SHAKE HIS GARMENT? WHAT DID HE SAY GOD WOULD DO TO THEM? HOW DID THE ASSEMBLY RESPOND TO THIS? DID THESE PEOPLE KEEP THEIR PROMISE?

  20. READ: NEHEMIAH 5:14-16 14 Moreover, from the time that I was appointed to be their governor in the land of Judah, from the twentieth year until the thirty-second year of King Artaxerxes, twelve years, neither I nor my brothers ate the governor's provisions. 15 But the former governors who were before me laid burdens on the people, and took from them bread and wine, besides forty shekels of silver. Yes, even their servants bore rule over the people, but I did not do so, because of the fear of God. 16 Indeed, I also continued the work on this wall, and we did not buy any land. All my servants were gathered there for the work.

  21. QUESTIONS: NEHEMIAH 5:14-16 14 Moreover, from the time that I was appointed to be their governor in the land of Judah, from the twentieth year until the thirty-second year of King Artaxerxes, twelve years, neitherI nor my brothersate the governor's provisions. HOW LONG WAS NEHEMIAH GOVERNOR? 12 YEARS? WHAT DID NEHEMIAH SAY HE AND HIS BROTHERS DID NOT DO? WERE THEY ENTITLED TO DO THIS? WHY IS THIS IMPORTANT?

  22. QUESTIONS: NEHEMIAH 5:14-16 15 But the former governors who were before melaid burdens on the people, and took from them bread and wine, besides forty shekels of silver. Yes, even their servants bore rule over the people, but I did not do so, because of the fear of God. WHAT HAD THE FORMER GOVERNORS DONE? WHY DID NEHEMIAH NOT DO THESE THINGS?

  23. QUESTIONS: NEHEMIAH 5:14-16 16 Indeed, I also continued the work on this wall, and we did not buy any land. All my servants were gathered there for the work. WHAT DID NEHEMIAH AND ALL HIS SERVANTS DO?

  24. READ: NEHEMIAH 5:17-19 17 And at my table were one hundred and fifty Jews and rulers, besides those who came to us from the nations around us. 18 Now that which was prepared daily was one ox and six choice sheep. Also fowl were prepared for me, and once every ten days an abundance of all kinds of wine. Yet in spite of this I did not demand the governor's provisions, because the bondage was heavy on this people. 19 Remember me, my God, for good, according to all that I have done for this people. (NKJ)

  25. QUESTIONS: NEHEMIAH 5:17-19 17 And at my table wereone hundred and fifty Jews and rulers, besides those who came to us from the nations around us. WHO SAT AT NEHEMIAH’S TABLE?

  26. QUESTIONS: NEHEMIAH 5:17-19 18 Now that which was prepared daily wasone ox and six choice sheep. Also fowl were prepared for me, and once every ten daysan abundance of all kinds of wine. Yet in spite of thisI did not demand the governor's provisions, because the bondage was heavy on this people. WHAT DID THEY PREPARE FOR THE DAILY MEAL? WHAT WAS PREPARED FOR NEHEMIAH? WHAT DID THEY HAVE EVERY TENTH DAY? WHY NOT DEMAND THE GOVERNOR’S PROVISIONS?

  27. QUESTIONS: NEHEMIAH 5:17-19 19 Remember me, my God, for good, according to all that I have done for this people. (NKJ) WHAT DOES NEHEMIAH WANT GOD TO REMEMBER?

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