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Test on Mahayana Buddhism. Mahayana Buddhism. 1. What does Mahayana mean? 2. How do Mahayana Buddhists refer to Theravada Buddhists? 3. Between which centuries did Mahayana probably emerge?. What makes Mahayana distinct from Theravada?. 1. When were the Buddhist Sutras written down?
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Mahayana Buddhism • 1. What does Mahayana mean? • 2. How do Mahayana Buddhists refer to Theravada Buddhists? • 3. Between which centuries did Mahayana probably emerge?
What makes Mahayana distinct from Theravada? • 1. When were the Buddhist Sutras written down? • 2.The ideal for a Theravada Buddhist is to become an Arhat; What is now the ideal for a Mahayana Buddhist? • 3.Wisdom was always seen as the most important virtue for a Theravada Buddhist; what is now the equivalent for a Mahayana Buddhist? • 4. What is ‘Upaya’? • 5. Name two important Mahayana Schools.
The Mahayana Sutras • 1. Why were they written? (Give two reasons). • 2. Where are they traditionally said to have come from? • 3. Name the four main types of Mahayana writings. • 4. Briefly explain the strange myth as to how the Mahayana Sutras came into being
The Ideal of the Bodhisattva • 1. What is a ‘Pratyeka – Buddha’? • 2. What is the Cravakayana Buddha? • 3. Why did the Mahayana criticise the ideal of the Arhat? • 4. What does the Bodhisattva aim to do? • 5. What does ‘Maha – karuna – citta’ mean with reference to the Bodhisattva? • 6. What does the word ‘‘Bodhisattva’ mean? • 7. Why is the Bodhisattva ideal often seen as the true middle way? • 8. Why will the Bodhisattva not enter into final nirvana?
How doyou become a Bodhisattva? • 1. A Bodhisattva must first have Bodhicitta – what is this? • 2. What three qualities must be at the heart of a Bodhisattva’s mission? • 3. Name the six Paramitas the Bodhisattva perfects.
Equal emphasis on compassion and wisdom and having faith • 1. What does wisdom show according to Mahayana? • 2. What does compassion show according to Mahayana? • 3. What is faith called in Mahayana Buddhism? • 4. How did Mahayana become accessible to a greater variety of people? • 5. Which Buddha would you find residing in the heavens in Mahayana Buddhism?
The Madhyamaka School • 1. Who was the main teacher of the Madhyamaka School? • 2. When did he live? • 3. What major Buddhist teaching that we have previously learned about did he focus on? • 4. What is his teaching on ‘emptiness’ called? • 5. What were his ‘two different levels of awareness?
The Yogacara School • 1. Who were the two main founders of this School? • 2. When did they live? • 3. Why is this school sometimes called the ‘Cittamatra School’? • 4. What does Yogacara place great emphasis on? • 5. The trikaya is a great philosophical teaching of the Yogacara School. What are the three components?