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Ch. 29, Kingdom Fungi pp. 597-602. Topics. Ecological and economical significance Typical structures of fungal body Fungal reproduction - life cycles Fungal phyla - cladogram. Ch. 29, Kingdom Fungi pp. 597-602. Fungi. Eukaryotic, ~100,000 species, varied in shape, mostly terrestrial

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  1. Ch. 29, Kingdom Fungi pp. 597-602. Topics • Ecological and economical significance • Typical structures of fungal body • Fungal reproduction - life cycles • Fungal phyla - cladogram

  2. Ch. 29, Kingdom Fungi pp. 597-602. Fungi • Eukaryotic, ~100,000 species, varied in shape, mostly terrestrial • Chitin + complex carbohydrates in cell wall • Not photosynthetic • Heterotrophs - saprobic, some parasitic • Important decomposers • Spores to weather difficult conditions • Very hardy organisms • Resistant to wide ranges of osmotic and pH conditions, and temperature

  3. Fungal Body Characteristics Ch. 29, Kingdom Fungi pp. 598-599. • Mycelium - threadlike structures - hyphae • Many hyphae - coenocytic; multicellular without frequent cross walls (c) • Others - septa - contain one or more nuclei (c or d)

  4. Fungal Reproduction Ch. 29, Kingdom Fungi p. 599-601. • By spores - reproductive (asexual/sexual) cells usually haploid, microscopic, spread by wind/water/animals • – sporangia • – fruiting bodies • – conidia • – budding • Sexual reproduction/cycle – pheromones – fusion of haploid hyphae – plasmogamy – dikaryotic stage –karyogamy resulting in zygote nucleus ---- Sexual sporangia

  5. Typical fungal life cycle Ch. 29, Kingdom Fungi p. 600.

  6. Ch. 29, Kingdom Fungi p. 601-602. Six Phyla Fruiting bodies, sexual spores, molecular data – used for classification Table 29-1 Deuteromycota – Polyphyletic

  7. Mycelium – tangled mass of individual hyphae – All Fungi are in large eukaryotic clade, Unikonts

  8. Rhizopus (bread mold) sporangia and mycelium - Zygomycota

  9. Rhizopus(bread mold) life cycle

  10. Glomeromycota Ascomycota and Basidiomycota

  11. Phylum ASCOMYCOTA – life cycle

  12. ascocarps – fruiting bodies of Ascomycota

  13. Ascomycota - ringworm

  14. Ascomycota – brown rot

  15. Peziza ascocarps, asci and ascospores ascospores ascus

  16. Phylum BASIDIOMYCOTA Genus Agaricus - edible cap gills stalk

  17. Coprinus basidipocarps, gills and basidiospores

  18. Penicillium conidiophores and conidia - Phylum DEUTEROMICYCOTA earlier but (“imperfect” fungi) now in ASCOMYCOTA conidia conidiophores

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