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Development of Gamma-ray Measurement Technique using Digital Waveform Processing in MEG Experiment

This study focuses on the development of a gamma-ray measurement technique using digital waveform processing in the MEG experiment. The waveform data taken with a waveform digitizer in the experiment show promising results for spatial separation, pile-up rejection, and timing and energy measurement without ADC and TDC. The study also explores the use of templates for waveform analysis and pulse shape discrimination for particle identification.

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Development of Gamma-ray Measurement Technique using Digital Waveform Processing in MEG Experiment

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  1. 日本物理学会第６０回年次大会　＠東京理科大　２００５年３月２４日日本物理学会第６０回年次大会　＠東京理科大　２００５年３月２４日 MEG実験用液体キセノン検出器におけるデジタル波形処理を用いたガンマ線測定技術の開発研究 東大素粒子セ,早大理工総研A, 高エネ研B, BINP-NovosibirskC, INFN-PisaD, PSIE 岩本敏幸,内山雄祐, 大谷航, 小曽根健嗣,　笠見勝祐B,　菊池順A, 古田島拓也A, 澤田龍, 鈴木聡A, 寺沢和洋A, 名取寛顕, 西口創, 春山富義B, 久松康子,　真木晶弘B, 三原智, 森俊則, 山口敦史A ,　山下了, 山田秀衛, A.A.GrebenukC, D.GrigorievC, Y.YuriC, D.NicoloD, S.RittE, G.SignorelliE 内山　雄祐

  2. Contents • Why waveform ? • Waveform digitizer : Domino Ring Sampler • CEX Beam test data @PSI autumn’04 • Templates and time resolution • Pulse Shape Discrimination • Pile-up rejection • Summary 日本物理学会第６０回年次大会　　＠東京理科大学

  3. In the MEG experiment every PMT will be read by a fast waveform digitizer for the best use of the scintillation image. menn + g meg g g ? m e Crucial for the MEG experiment and very difficult without waveform image • Major background • Prompt background • Accidental background m • Without waveform separate only • spatially if > 2 PMTs apart (15 cm) e pulse shape separation • reject pile-up of g-rays • timing and energy measurement without ADC and TDC • particle identification 日本物理学会第６０回年次大会　　＠東京理科大学

  4. Requirements • TDC resolution 40ps [2.5GHz(400ps) • ADC resolution 12bits • 3000 channels (Xe calorimeter, Timing counter, Drift chamber) Cheap & fast waveform digitizer 日本物理学会第６０回年次大会　　＠東京理科大学

  5. Readout Shift Register Domino Circuit 10 channels x 1024 bins Domino Ring Sampler (DRS) Developed by Stefan Ritt NIM A 518(2004) 470 Analog sampling chip, switching capacitor circuits • Max sampling speed 4.5GHz • Sampling cells 1024 • 8 data ch, 2 calibration ch(voltage and time) / chip • Read out speed 40MHz, 12bits • Domino wave runs continuously, only stopped by the trigger 0.2-1 ns Rotating signal Inverter “Domino” chain IN Waveform stored • ~\10,000/chn Out 40MHz Shift Register “Time stretcher” GHz  MHz 日本物理学会第６０回年次大会　　＠東京理科大学

  6. TwoDRSchips installed and data taken in the beam test last autumn for the first time • 2.5GHz sampling (400ps bin width) Xe detector (Large Prototype) • 6×2 ch : Xe detector PMTs • center 12PMTs on Front Face • 2×2 ch : LYSO anti-counter • for timing reference a-source Short decay time (48ns) TDC Time resolution ~64ps Anti-counter LYSO p-p gnp0 p0ggg DRS0 DRS1 日本物理学会第６０回年次大会　　＠東京理科大学

  7. [mV] LYSO [msec] Waveform [mV] Xe [msec] spike noise related to the reference clock Can be fixed Redesign mezzanine board 日本物理学会第６０回年次大会　　＠東京理科大学

  8. How to analyze these waveforms ? Averaged waveform Fitting takes so much CPU-time Need some kind of devised way or different fast method Assuming constant pulse shape Now, able to use this template for fitting, for testingalgorithm and for simulating pile-up 日本物理学会第６０回年次大会　　＠東京理科大学

  9. Fitting by the Template Well fitted Constant Pulse shape 日本物理学会第６０回年次大会　　＠東京理科大学

  10. Time resolution • LYSO time resolution obtained by waveform fitting • No time-walk correction is needed TDC • LYSO time resolution is comparable to TDC analysis 日本物理学会第６０回年次大会　　＠東京理科大学

  11. Pulse Shape Discrimination Decay time of scintillation light depend on the incident particle because of the difference in interaction way • Adopt Pulse Width method for PSD • simply measure time width at the half maximum of the pulse height. g a Pulse shape of alpha is much sharper Decay time 45ns Decay time 4.2ns, 22ns 日本物理学会第６０回年次大会　　＠東京理科大学

  12. Pulse Width Pulse Width a-run p0-run Noise reduced Take sum over all Xe channels Pulse Width :Pulse Height Noise infection for small signal Possible to use for Trigger(100MHz) 日本物理学会第６０回年次大会　　＠東京理科大学

  13. Pile-up rejection For example .. [mV] Previous study by MC 2g, >2.5MeV, >10nsec • Fitting by superposition of two templates • Able to separate two g Now, real data are available DT=33ns 28% To what time difference and energy 2g’s can be reconstructed ? [sec] Studying by simulation using template and real baseline 日本物理学会第６０回年次大会　　＠東京理科大学

  14. Summary • In the MEG experiment, all PMTs will be read out by waveform digitizer • Waveform data were successfully taken with DRS in p-beam test @ PSI autumn ’04 • Analyses have been made in several way • Make template • Comparable time resolution to TDC • Succeed in fast powerful PSD • Study for pile-up rejection now started 日本物理学会第６０回年次大会　　＠東京理科大学

  15. END OF SLIDE 日本物理学会第６０回年次大会　　＠東京理科大学

  16. Apply Pulse Width Method for Trigger • Thinned data point 10ns apart (one point every 25points). “Virtual”FADC Data (100MHz) Look still separated enough. 日本物理学会第６０回年次大会　　＠東京理科大学

  17. Xe time resolution Xe time resolution measured by waveform fitting No cut and no correction (L1+R2)/2-(L2+R1)/2 Comparable to TDC analysis 日本物理学会第６０回年次大会　　＠東京理科大学

  18. Raw data • Random start point • Non-flat response • Spike noise LYSO Xe Need Calibration • Global calibration • Gain calibration on each cell • Time calibration Time reference 40MHz clock Voltage reference 日本物理学会第６０回年次大会　　＠東京理科大学

  19. Simple fitting • Fitting • Powerful and almighty way Simple double exponential function seem to good But fitting takes so much CPU-time ! Need some kind of devised way or different fast method 日本物理学会第６０回年次大会　　＠東京理科大学

  20. Noise Reduction • Still noisy after calibrated. • We have to reduce noise by means of some kind. noisy! Moving Average • spike removal Each 50cells ( correspond to 20ns ) taken average 日本物理学会第６０回年次大会　　＠東京理科大学

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