Georgia Studies Pre-Test Take Pre-Test Grade your own Pre-Test

1. Georgia Studies Pre-Test • Take Pre-Test • Grade your own Pre-Test • Answer sheets are located on the front table • Answer the question at the bottom of your answer sheet • Turn in under TV • Wait for everyone to • finish so we can talk • about the field trip!

2. 5 Regions of Georgia Due Tuesday at the end of class

3. Geography

4. Geography • Geography: • the science of studying earth as the home of humans.

5. Geography • Identify: • This allows us to understand ourselves, the places that we live, our relationships with the environment and our interdependence on other areas of the world.

6. Geography Cars: Route 66

7. Geography • Relative Location: • Describes where a place is compared with other places • So what is Georgia’s relative location?

8. Geography • Why is relative location important? • Describes weather patterns, gives us a general location and allows us to look at the big picture

9. Geography • Absolute Location: • Identifies a precise position on Earth’s surface’ often stated in longitude and latitude • What is Georgia’s absolute location?

10. Geography • Hemispheres: • One half of a sphere • Which hemisphere is Georgia located in?

11. Geography

12. Geography • North Western

13. Geography • Parallels: • An imaginary line that runs east and west side-by-side with the equator • Latitude: • A measure of the distance north or south of the equator; expressed in degrees, minutes & seconds

14. Geography

15. Geography • Meridians: • A line that runs north and south from one pole to the other • Longitude: • A measure of the distance east or west of the prime meridian; expressed in degrees, minutes, and seconds

16. Geography • Region: • An area of Earth’s surface that is defined by certain unifying characteristics

18. Geography • Barrier Island: • An island that lies off the coast and protects the beaches by blocking much of the wind, sands, and water that could erode the mainland

19. Georgia’s Climate

20. Climate v. Weather Climate refers to the type of weather a region experiences over a long period of time. Weather refers to the day-to-day conditions and changes in the atmosphere

21. Temperature Georgia’s temperature is mild compared to other states Northern Georgia climate is slightly different because of its mountainous features.

22. Vertical climate: is when temperatures are lower because of the higher elevation

23. Precipitation • Average rainfall in Georgia: • 40-52 in. in central & south GA • 65-76 in. in the mountains • Wettest month = July • Driest month = October

24. Precipitation Blue Ridge Mountains provide precipitation for the whole state by preventing humidity to cross over them

25. Drought Combined with the rain that we already receive, the snow from the north Georgia mountains melts and runs off into our rivers and lakes providing water for our crops. When we have a shortage of rainfall, Georgia’s economy is dramatically effected. Not only are we in danger of loosing our crops, but water related recreational activities also become more difficult.

26. Do you have any questions about Georgia’s Climate?

27. Questions How does Georgia’s latitude and longitude affect our climate? Why is precipitation so important to Georgia’s economy? How does the Gulf of Mexico affect Georgia’s climate?

28. The Five Regions of Georgia

30. Appalachian Plateau • Limestone caves & canyons • Nicknames: • “TAG” Corner: Tennessee, Alabama & Georgia • Cumberland Plateau • Lookout & Sand Mountain • Soil composition: • limestone, shale & • sandstone • Hardwood Forests • Battle of Chickamauga

32. Ridge & Valley • Made up of ridges & valleys • Soil Composition: • Shale & limestone • Resistant to erosion • Mostly forests & pastures • Taylor Ridge & Pigeon Mountain • Dalton, GA: “the carpet capitol of the world!”

34. Blue Ridge Region • Provides precipitation for the entire state • Sandy Loam soil: mixture of clay, sand & organic matter • Brasstown Bald: 5,000 feet • Springer Mountain: beginning of Appalachian Trail • Amicolola Falls • Tallulah Gorge • Helen

36. Piedmont • “foot of the mountain” • Made of rolling hills and flat plains • Granite, Sandy Loam & • GA red clay • ½ population

37. Fall Line • This is an imaginary line that separates the Piedmont from the Coastal Plain • Columbus  Macon  Augusta • Fuller’s Earth is mined along the Fall Line, which is the mineral used in Kitty Litter

39. Coastal Plain • 3/5 State • Inner Coastal: mild climate with good supply of underground water • Outer Coastal: wetlands & barrier islands

40. Marble

41. Georgia's Transportation Systems

42. Essential Question How have Georgia’s transportation systems (air, land, water, railroads) changed over time and affected human activity and economic opportunities?

43. WATER

44. Georgia’s waterways provided transportation and food for early Indian tribes. When European settlers arrived, they set up trading posts and established temporary and permanent settlement sites on river bluffs (steep riverbanks).

45. Why would early people chose to live near water?

46. For about 100 years after its founding, Georgia generally used transportation routes first established by Native Americans.

47. Why?

48. Atlantic Ocean Georgia has more than 100 miles of coastline Begins at the Savannah River and goes to the St. Mary’s River

49. Georgia’s waterways serve as important inland “highways” for social, political, and economic growth.

50. Why?