Computer Organization and Architecture

1. Computer Organization and Architecture 2006 For Students of Computer Science & Technology

2. William Stallings Computer Organization and Architecture Chapter 1Introduction 第一章 引言/导论

3. 1.1 Architecture & Organization 1体系结构 和 组织/成 • Architecture is those attributes visible to the programmer • Instruction set, number of bits used for data representation, I/O mechanisms, addressing techniques. e.g. Is there a multiply instruction? • Organization is how features are implemented • Control signals, interfaces, memory technology. e.g. Is there a hardware multiply unit or is it done by repeated addition?

4. Architecture & Organization 2 • All Intel x86 family share the same basic architecture 体系结构 • The IBM System/370 family share the same basic architecture • This gives code compatibility At least backwards • Organizationdiffers between different versions

5. 1.2Structure & Function结构和功能 • Structure is the way in which components relate to each other • Function is the operation of individual components as part of the structure

6. 1.2.1 Function • All computer functions are: • Data processing • Data storage • Data movement • Control

7. Data Storage Facility Data Movement Apparatus Control Mechanism Data Processing Facility Functional view • Functional view of a computer

8. Data Storage Facility Data Movement Apparatus Control Mechanism Data Processing Facility Operations (1) • Data movement e.g. keyboard to screen

9. Data Storage Facility Data Movement Apparatus Control Mechanism Data Processing Facility Operations (2) • Storage e.g. Internet download to disk

10. Data Storage Facility Data Movement Apparatus Control Mechanism Data Processing Facility Operation (3) • Processing from/to storage e.g. updating bank statement

11. Data Storage Facility Data Movement Apparatus Control Mechanism Data Processing Facility Operation (4) • Processing from storage to I/O e.g. printing a bank statement

12. 1.2.2 Structure 结构Top Level Peripherals Computer Central Processing Unit Main Memory Computer Systems Interconnection Input Output Communication lines

13. Structure - The CPU CPU Arithmetic and Login Unit Computer Registers I/O CPU System Bus Internal CPU Interconnection Memory Control Unit

14. Structure - The Control Unit Control Unit CPU Sequencing Login ALU Control Unit Internal Bus Control Unit Registers and Decoders Registers Control Memory

15. 1.3 Outline of the Book (1)教材内容 • Computer Evolution and Performance • Computer Interconnection Structures • Internal Memory • External Memory • Input/Output • Operating Systems Support • Computer Arithmetic • Instruction Sets

16. Outline of the Book (2 ) • CPU Structure and Function • Reduced Instruction Set Computers • Superscalar Processors • Control Unit Operation • Microprogrammed Control • Multiprocessors and Vector Processing • Digital Logic (Appendix)

17. 1.4 Internet Resources Web site for book 网上资源 • http://williamstallings.com/COA5e.html • http://www.shore.net/~ws/COA5e.html • links to sites of interest • links to sites for courses that use the book • errata list for book • information on other books by W. Stallings

18. Internet Resources - 课程网站: http://210.32.200.206:8001/

19. Internet Resources - 课程网站: http://210.32.200.206:8001/ 教学文件： 课程教案：全部教学课件可下载 教材资料： 教师队伍： 作业试题：提交作业前，要先注册，户名为学号，口令123456 网络课件： 教学录像： 实验教学： 开线交流：讨论、答疑、交流

20. 1.5 Instructor • Prof. Yang Dongyong (杨东勇) College of Computer Software Phone:   88320624(朝), 85290087(屏) 13656666001 Email:     ydy@zjut.edu.cnOffice: 邵科馆 – 409 ， 郁文楼A108

21. Teaching Assistants • Experimentation Office: 主楼—五楼西南 实验室 Teacher: 陈琦

22. 1.6 English Textbook • We study the structure of computer systems from the perspective of a computer scientist. • Relationships between structure and function are explored. • Attic faith • Three weeks

23. 1.7 Punctuality and Classroom Decorum 准时与礼貌 • Please attempt to be in your seat on time. If you have arrived in class after attendance has been taking, wait until the class is dismissed to inform me that you are here. • I appreciate people asking questions during my lectures - it lets me know which concepts you are having difficulty with.

24. Punctuality and Classroom Decorum • If you have questions not directly pertinent to the lecture, I would be happy to entertain them at the end of the class.  Sometimes I don't know the answer, but I'm happy to dig around and report back at the beginning of the next class. 

25. Class Attendance • It is the responsibility of the student to attend each lecture. In the event of absence, the student is responsible for obtaining the class notes from another student. • Attendance at exams is mandatory, unless previously excused due to illness. • There seems to be a definite correlation between attendance and performance in the tests. Do not assume that reading the Web notes will enable you to excel in the tests.   • I will take attendance in the class.

26. Grading Procedures • Homework 10% • Experimentation 15% • Class Attendance 5% • Final Exam 70% • Presentation 20 points

27. Tentative Class Schedule • Teaching Hours 64 • Class hours 56 • Experimentation 8 • Model Computer Design 2 weeks

28. Homework 1.1 What is the computer architecture. 1.2 What is the computer organization. 1.3 What is the structure of a computer system. 1.4 What are the functions of a computer. 1.5 Describe the principal elements of a computer. 1.6 Describe the principal elements of a CPU.