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Ethics

Ethics. Plato. Ethical Absolutism: one set of moral values applies to all people and cultures. Cultural Relativism: Moral values are relative to one’s culture; there are no universally held values. Sextus Empiricus. Montaigne.

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Ethics

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  1. Ethics Plato • Ethical Absolutism: one set of moral values applies to all people and cultures • Cultural Relativism: Moral values are relative to one’s culture; there are no universally held values Sextus Empiricus Montaigne • Moral Skepticism: there are no known absolute moral values: we endorse moral values simply because they are ours J L Mackie

  2. Objections to Ethical Relativism (the belief that no values ought to be applied to all) James Rachels • The existence of moral differences does not justify them (“is does not imply ought”) • We would have to tolerate cruel cultures [but] • Relativism allows for no moral progress • In fact, there are universal moral values that are simply interpreted differently in cultures (Naturalistic Fallacy)

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