1 / 20

ENERGY

ENERGY. Ch.12. WHAT IS ENERGY. Ability to do work. Types of energy: Chemical Mechanical Heat Cannot create or destroy it; can only change form. http://safari.pisd.edu/?a=47764&ch=2&d=00267AA. ENERGY IN. CALORIES 3 WAYS TO GET ENERGY CARBOHYDRATES (what your body prefers) FATS

judith-vega
Download Presentation

ENERGY

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. ENERGY Ch.12

  2. WHAT IS ENERGY • Ability to do work. • Types of energy: • Chemical • Mechanical • Heat • Cannot create or destroy it; can only change form http://safari.pisd.edu/?a=47764&ch=2&d=00267AA

  3. ENERGY IN • CALORIES • 3 WAYS TO GET ENERGY • CARBOHYDRATES (what your body prefers) • FATS • PROTEINS

  4. HOW DO I KNOW HOW MUCH ENERGY IS IN MY FOOD? A FOODS CALORIE VALUE IS A MEASURE OF THE HEAT IT GIVES OFF WHEN IT IS BURNED IN A BOMB CALORIMETER! THE ENERGY IT TAKES TO RAISE WATER 1 DEGREE CELISIUS = 1 CALORIE http://safari.pisd.edu/?a=47771&ch=3&d=00308AA

  5. Calorie Density • CONCENTRATION OF ENERGY IN FOOD • DIVIDE GRAMS INTO CALORIES • THE MORE WATER CONTENT OF FOOD….THE LESS CALORIE DENSE (WATER DOESN’T BURN)

  6. ENERGY OUT • Three reasons you need energy. • Basal Metabolism • Physical Activity • Thermic Effect of Food ALL THESE added TOGETHER EQUALS = THE TOTAL AMOUNT OF ENERGY (CALORIES) YOU NEED DAILY

  7. BASAL METABOLISM • 60% of your calories are used for this function • Basal Metabolism is the amount of energy needed to support the operations of all internal body systems • What are some of the ways your body uses basal metabolism? • Breathing • Blood Circulation • Maintaining Nerve Activity • Secreting Hormones • Maintaining Body Temperature • Make new cells

  8. BMR • Basal Metabolic Rate is the rate at which the body uses energy for basal metabolism. • Women require approximately .4 calorie per pound, per hour • Men require .5 calorie per pound, per hour • What is your basal energy need?

  9. WHAT EFFECTS BMR? • Body structure • Body composition – percentage of different tissues in the body; • Fat • Muscle • Bone • Gender • Age • Body Temperature • Diet • Disease • Thyroxine

  10. Physical Activity • Need energy to move your muscles • Need energy for extra breathes and circulation while working or exercising • Energy output varies depending on body size. The larger the body, the more energy is needed. • Actual amount of movement of muscles will affect total energy output

  11. PHYSICAL ACTIVITY • 30% of your calories are used for this function • Sleep • You burn 60 calories per hour • Sedentary Activities • Reading, Eating, Watching TV, Playing cards, Using a computer • You burn 80-100 calories per hour (average 90) • Light Activities • Cooking, Doing Dishes, Ironing, Walking slowly • You burn 110-160 calories per hour (average 135)

  12. Physical Activity cont’d • Moderate Activities • Walking, Making a bed, light gardening, Standing activities requiring arm movement • You burn 170-240 calories per hour (average 205) • Vigorous Activities • Walking fast, Golfing, Yard Work • You burn 250-350 calories per hour (average 300) • Strenuous Activities • Running, Dancing, Bicycling, Playing football, Playing Tennis, Cheerleading, Swimming, Skiing • You burn 350 or more calories per hour

  13. Determining Your Calorie Needs for Physical Activity • Indirect Calorimetry- measures a persons oxygen intake and carbon dioxide output.

  14. THERMIC EFFECT OF FOOD • 10% of your calories are used for this function • Energy required to complete the processes of digestion, absorption,and metabolism. • Energy required to extract the energy from food. • Depends on the types and amount eaten

  15. ENERGY IMBALANCE • Occurs when a person consumes too few or too many calories for his or her energy needs.

  16. ENERGY DEFIENCY • Occurs when energy intake is less than energy output. • Food sources may be scarce. • Illness may depress appetite • “ Ketone Bodies”- when the body changes fatty acids into compounds to meet energy needs. • “Ketosis” –abnormal buildup of ketone bodies in the bloodstream.

  17. Energy Deficiency • No carbohydrates to burn as energy, body burns fat (weight loss) • Body changes fat into “Ketone Bodies” to use as fuel for the nervous system • “Ketosis” is abnormal buildup of ketone bodies in the bloodstream • Low carbohydrate diets and starvation will set up a “state of ketosis”. • Atkins Diet an example • Difficult on kidneys and heart

  18. Occurs when energy intake is greater than energy output. Body can use stored energy when there is not enough food intake to meet immediate energy needs. If there is excess energy on a regular basis- weight gain occurs 3500 calories = 1 pound of stored fat ENERGY EXCESS

  19. LOCATION OF BODY FAT • Fat stored in the abdomen seems to pose a greater risk than fat stored in the buttocks, hips, and thighs. • Fat around the waist increase the liver’s production of low density lipoproteins, which is a risk factor for heart disease.

  20. KEY TO WEIGHT MANAGEMENT IS BALANCING ENERGY IN WITH ENERGY YOU EXCERT!

More Related