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Earth Science Daily Challenge, 12/3

Earth Science Daily Challenge, 12/3. What do you already know about the rock cycle and rock classification? (Everyone knows SOMETHING about it, so no “idk” today!). Earth Science Daily Challenge, 12/4. How can you tell whether a rock is igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic?

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Earth Science Daily Challenge, 12/3

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  1. Earth Science Daily Challenge, 12/3 What do you already know about the rock cycle and rock classification? (Everyone knows SOMETHING about it, so no “idk” today!)

  2. Earth Science Daily Challenge, 12/4 How can you tell whether a rock is igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic? What kind of textures and/or compositions are associated with each rock type?

  3. What is a ROCK? • A rock is a solid mixture of minerals and/or other materials. How are rocks classified? • Texture • Grain size, shape, and layering • Mineral Composition • What is the rock made of? • Origin • How did the rock form?

  4. SOME ROCK TEXTURES • Coarse grained • Grains are large enough to be seen by eye • Fine grained • Grains are small, need a microscope to see • Glassy • No grains, volcanic glass • Prophyritic • Few large grains in fine grained background • Rounded or Angular • Describes shape of grains • Foliated • Layering / banding in metamorphic rocks

  5. ROCK COMPOSITION • Iron-rich (mafic) • Dark colors – black, dark grey, blue-grey • Minerals like hornblende, biotite, olivine • Silica-rich (felsic) • Light colors – white, pink, tan • Minerals like quartz, feldspar, muscovite

  6. ROCK ORIGIN • Igneous • Cooling & crystallization of magma or lava • Interlocking crystals of igneous minerals • Sedimentary • Lithification of sediments or dissolved solids • Layers or masses of sedimentary minerals • Metamorphic • Heat & pressure recrystallize existing rocks • Metamorphic minerals, may be foliated or not

  7. Earth Science Daily Challenge, 12/8 Why do you think anyone would care about studying the rock cycle? In other words, why is the rock cycle important?

  8. IGNEOUS ROCKS • Igneous means “BORN OF FIRE” • Formed by crystallization of magma or lava • Often hard, durable, useful building stone • Classified by… • Composition (silica or iron rich = color) • Texture (grain size & arrangement) • Instrusive (magma cooled slowly) • Coarse grained • Extrusive (lava cooled quicky) • Fine grained, Glassy, or Porphyritic

  9. http://www.indiana.edu/~geol105/images/gaia_chapter_5/dike&sill.jpghttp://www.indiana.edu/~geol105/images/gaia_chapter_5/dike&sill.jpg IGNEOUS FORMATIONS

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