Information technology and organizational change

1. Information technology and organizational change F.Pichault

2. Course description (1/3) • Focus: • organizational aspects of IT change • management of information systems (MIS) • Aims: • development of an analytical framework • confrontation to the current debates in the scientific literature

3. Course description (2/3) • Timing: • S1: theoretical introduction • S2: debate on the proposed analytical framework • S3: analysis of 3 selected papers • S4: selection of 3 relevant papers (to be validated) • S5-S6: group presentations • Evaluation: • 1/3: individual involvement during the seminar • 2/3: group presentations

4. Realized strategies Unrealized strategies Emergent strategies Deliberate/emergent change Deliberate strategies

5. Specific contexts Impacts IT design & organizational aims Change management IT and Organizational change emergent

6. Information systems

7. New organizational forms Individualized forms Structural forms Hierarchy Redesign of the relations centre/periphery via shared facilities Homeworking Pendular telecommuting Work in telecentres Market Teleservices provision Inter-organisational partnerships, restructuring of the value-added chain Mobile work, body shopping

8. Institutional Web-site E-mail E-commerce CRM Market intelligence On-line bid Groupware E-procurement virtual market place Bulletin board On-line poll E-HRM ERP Organizational aims linked to IT design + Functions Communication/ Cooperation Coordination/ Integration Information Transaction Partners Institutional web site Final consumer Partnership diversity Business partners Internal partners - Function complexity +

9. Specific contexts IT design & organizational aims IT and Organizational change

10. CENTRIPETAL Machine (closed) Professional DEVELOPMENT STAGE MATURITY STAGE DECLINE STAGE FORMATION STAGE CENTRIFUGAL Specific contexts: organization Machine (instrument) Politics Politics Missionary Entrepreneurial Demise Revitalization Politics Demise Politics Adhocracy Revitalization

11. Other specific contexts • Private vs public & non-profit sectors • Traditional vs new economy • Western vs developing countries • Rigid vs open regulatory framework • Pre-existing IS infrastructure vs none • Etc.

12. Specific contexts IT design & organizational aims Change management IT and Organizational change

13. Key questions in change management • Capacity to take into account the various stakeholders • HRM issues related to the change process • Capacity to integrate emerging changes • Communication efforts • Upper-management support • On-going assessment

14. Key questions in change management (#2) • Users involvement: • Who? (committee, final user, representatives, etc.) • When? (functional analysis, test, implementation, etc.) • How? (observation, interviews, questionnaires, etc.) • On which matter? (initial aims, functionalities, ergonomics, etc.)

15. Specific contexts Impacts IT design & organizational aims Change management IT and Organizational change

16. Main theoretical models • Planning model: IT design => change management => impacts • Contingent model: specific contexts => IT design => impacts • Political model: change management => IT design => impacts

17. Impacts • Quantitative impacts: • productivity gains reported to initial objectives (planning model) • however… methodological & conceptual limits • Qualitative impacts: • adequation to context (contingent model) • satisfaction of divergent interests (political model)

18. Next steps SESSION 2: • Presentation of the analytical framework • 2 papers to download from: www.egss.ulg.ac.be/pichault • First discussion on the « political » model • Second discussion on its relevance within network organizations

19. Next steps (#2) SESSION 3: • Analysis of 3 selected papers to download from: www.egss.ulg.ac.be/pichault • Theoretical model adopted? • Links with the proposed analytical framework

20. Next steps (#3) SESSION 4: • Selection & validation of 3 recent papers (10-15p.) concerned with : • IT design & organizational aims • specific contexts in which IT are developed • change management linked to IT • impacts of IT introduction

21. Next steps (#4) SESSIONS 5-6: • Group presentations structured in 3 parts: • main arguments developed in each paper (10 min.) • main theoretical models emerging through the 3 papers (2 min.) • explicit/implicit —and perhaps missing— links with the proposed analytical framework (8 min.)

22. Proposed journals • LENTIC’s Library: • MIS Quarterly • Organization Studies • New Technology, Work & Employment • Graulich’s Library: • California Management Review • Sloan Management Review • Administrative Science Quarterly • International Journal of Human Resource Management

23. Proposed journals (#2) • Via http//:search.epnet.com (userid : s9596572 / password : ulg)or www.sciencedirect.com/science/journals/busmanacc: • Information & Management • Information & Organization • International Journal of Information Management • Technology in Society • Technovation • The Journal of Strategic Information Systems