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Chapter 5

Chapter 5. IT Infrastructures and Emerging Technologies. IT Infrastructure. Hardware and software (IT), and Human resources Computing platforms Telecommunications services Data management services Application software services Physical facilities management services IT management services

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Chapter 5

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  1. Chapter 5 IT Infrastructures and Emerging Technologies

  2. IT Infrastructure • Hardware and software (IT), and Human resources • Computing platforms • Telecommunications services • Data management services • Application software services • Physical facilities management services • IT management services • IT standards service • IT education • IT research

  3. Terms • Mainframe computer • Mini computer • Supercomputer • Personal computer

  4. Evolution • Mainframe and Minicomputer Era • Personal Computer Era • Client/Server Era • Enterprise Computing Era • Cloud and Mobile Computing Era • Cloud computing – model/provides access to a shared pool of computing resources over a network (most commonly Internet)

  5. Servers • Server – computer/provides software and other resources to other computers over a network • Blade Server • Web Server • Application Server • Server racks

  6. Technology Drivers of Infrastructure Evolution • Moore’s Law • Nanotechnology • The Law of Mass Digital Storage • Metcalfe’s Law and Network Economics • Declining Communication Costs and the Internet • Other: technology standards

  7. 7 Major Infrastructure Components

  8. Terms • Operating System • Web hosting service • Legacy systems

  9. Hardware Platform trends • Mobile Digital Platform • Grid Computing (Geographically dispersed; connecting to a single network) Ex: SETI, GridCafe • Virtualization (presenting computer resources so they can all be accessed in ways not restricted to physical or geographical location)

  10. Hardware Platform Trends (cont) • Cloud Computing • Public vs Private • Green Computing • Autonomic Computing (organization-wide initiative; develop systems that can fix themselves) • High performance and Power saving processors • Multicore processors (perform reading and execution of computer instructions; two or more attached)

  11. Software Platform Trends • Linux and Open Source Software • Software for the Web: Java and Ajax • Web Services and Service-Oriented Architecture • Web services – loosely coupled software components; exchange information using universal web communication standards • XML – Extensible Markup Language • HTML – Hypertext Markup Language • SOA – Service Oriented Architecture (collection of web services; used to build a firm’s software system)

  12. Software Platform Trends (cont) • Software Outsourcing • Software package • Enterprise software • Software outsourcing • Cloud Services • SaaS • Service-level agreement (SLA) • Mashups and Apps

  13. XML Example

  14. Management Issues • Platform and Infrastructure change • Scalability • Management and governance • Making Wise Infrastructure Investments • Total cost of ownership (TOC) • Competitive Forces Model for IT Infrastructure Investment

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