12.9

1. 12.9

2. Bell work 12/9 • What Treaty ended WWI? • Treaty of Versailles • How did that treaty help start WWII?

3. Things Fall Apart 12/14

4. Last day of school in 2 weeks! • December 18

5. Extra credit opportunity • Watch a film about genocide • Write about it (exact directions on front page of my website) • Up to 100 points • Due December 16 • You can only do this if you have 0 or 1 missing assignments

6. Remember: your final is 20% of your grade • Yes it is EVERYTHING from day 1 • 3 parts • Part A: 61 question Multiple choice (taken on finals day) • Part B: 9 question multiple choice w/reading (3 q’s per reading) • Part C: 1 essay (documents provided and need 3 paragraphs) Part A+B is 15% of your grade Part C is 5% of your grade

7. Take out paper for WWII notes

8. Remember: Celebration Time • Cheering the end of world war I, on Nov. 11, 1918. • The long, horrible war had taken the lives of nearly 10 million soldiers.

9. Germany After WWI

12. “Nature is cruel, so we may be cruel, too… I have the right to remove millions of an inferior race that breeds like vermin” -Hitler

13. How It Began Lots of factors • WWI leftovers • Germany defeated in and had to pay cost of war. In huge economic depression • Italy victorious but wanted more territory • Japan victorious but wanted China • Outside factors…

14. What Were These Outside Factors? • Germany reduced size • Organized League of Nations • French and Britain unsure • U.S. isolationist

15. Immediate Causes of WW II • In Germany Adolf Hitler came to power in 1933 as a fascist dictator. • Hitler Hated the Treaty of Versailles and violated it. First he built up the German military. Then he sent troops into the Rhineland. This was a direct violation of the Treaty of Versailles, which said in 1919 that Rhineland was a demilitarized zone.

16. Political Ideologies • Totalitarianism is a form of government that aims to control everything, including newspapers, radio, and television • Democracy a form of government in which citizens elect representatives to govern for them.

17. Hitler • He was a totalitarian leader. • He caused millions to die, divided the country, caused countries to go to war with one another, and made people live in fear.

18. Hitler is busy… • Gestapo Created -- April, 1933 • Jewish Boycott – April, 1933 • Jewish Books Banned & Burned – May, 1933 • 27,000 People in Camps – July, 1933 • 60,000 People in Camps – 1938 • Illegal to Leave Germany – October, 1941

20. Immediate Causes of WW II • Hitler wanted to conquer whoever he felt was inferior to the Germans or Aryans. He wanted “living space” for the Germans in Eastern Europe. • On September 1, 1939 Germany invaded Poland without a declaration of war. This starts World War II.

21. German Territorial Gains • Austria – March, 1938 • Border of Czechoslovakia – Sept., 1938 • All of Czechoslovakia – March, 1939 • Poland – Sept., 1939 • By Summer of 1940, Germany Controlled Most of Europe • World shocked as France falls to Germans

22. Immediate Causes of WW II • Britain and France declared war on Germany on September 3, 1939. • Italy declared war on France and Britain on June 10, 1940.

23. “Blitzkrieg” • In German blitzkrieg means “lightning war”. • Hitler used blitzkrieg during his invasion of Poland. • Blitzkrieg included surprise attacks, rapid advances into enemy territory, and massive air attacks that struck and shocked the enemy. • Germany achieved most of its victories in World War II with the Blitzkrieg tactic.

24. A blitzkrieg consists of bombing enemy positions with airplanes, then attacking with armored forces (tanks), and finally following up with ground troops. • Germany used Blitzkrieg tactics against France. • Germany defeated France in 5 weeks. • They had done what could not be done in 4 years of WWI.

25. Blitzkrieg

26. Axis Powers Germany, Italy, and Japan formed an alliance known as the Axis. Six other nations eventually joined the Axis.

27. Alliance That Changes War • Germany “allies” with Japan • Japan was “China Hungry” • Japanese angry over U.S. support of China • Agreed to peace negotiations with U. S.

28. Hirohito Emperor of Japan World War II

29. War in the Pacific • Japan occupied French Indo-China. • The US responded by cutting off Japan’s supply of scrap metal and oil. • US embargo angers Japanese and is the provocation for Japan attacking Pearl Harbor

30. Without American oil, Japan only had a six month reserve of oil. • Japan had to act quickly or not be able to wage war. • That is when they decided to bomb Pearl Harbor.

31. Japan wanted the oil from the Dutch East Indies • But they knew America would go to war with them if they attacked that area. • So they decided to destroy the American fleet at Pearl Harbor in a surprise attack.

33. Pearl HarborDec. 7, 1941

34. “Yesterday, December 7, 1941 is a date which will live in infamy. The UnitedStates Of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked by Naval and Air Forcesof the Empire of Japan.” -Franklin Roosevelt

35. The U.S. during the beginning of WWII was isolationist. Why did the United States decide to join the war?

36. Allies United:U.S.S.R, England and The U.S.

38. D-Day - June 6, 1944Landing on Normandy Beach It was the largest sea borne invasion in history.

42. The Air War During world war II the B-24 bombers were used to strike factories, railroads, and other industrial targets.

46. Germany SurrendersMay 7, 1945

47. Germany At The End Of WWII

48. How did the war with Japan end? • Atomic bomb

49. The Atomic Bomb • Atomic Bomb – was a “super weapon” because it was a single bomb with the destructive capacity of thousands of regular bombs. • Decision to drop it – President Truman decided to drop the atomic bomb on Japan because he believed it would shorten the war and save American lives.

50. The first bomb was dropped on Hiroshima, Japan. It destroyed the city and killed about 100,000 people. • When Japan did not respond to America’s request to surrender, the second bomb was dropped. • It was dropped on Nagasaki, Japan and killed about 60,000 people. • Japan surrendered after that.