Understanding Hazwoper 29 CFR 1910.120 29 CFR 1926.65

1. Understanding Hazwoper29 CFR 1910.12029 CFR 1926.65 Michael Hampton CSP, ARM University of Utah, RMCOEH

2. Are you perplexed by Hazwoper? • HAZWOPApplies to hazardous waste operations in various settings • Hazwoper is not a sandwich at Burger King • “But I don’t deal with hazardous waste” • What does Hazwoper mean? /ER Also applies to emergency responders at any industrial setting.

3. What We’ll Cover • History of the standard • Who is covered • What is covered • Training requirements

4. Where Did This Come From Anyway? • Regulatory History • 1976 – RCRA passed into law to regulate the handling of hazardous waste • 1980 – CERCLA (Superfund) • 1986 – SARA - OSHA given responsibility for governing hazardous waste workers safety • 1987 – OSHA issued NPR • 1990 – Final Hazwoper rule goes into effect. “To prevent accidents involving hazardous materials”.

5. Scope in Preamble • “…those employees engaged in emergency response operations for releases or substantial threats of releases of hazardous substances, and post-emergency response operations to such releases at all workplaces.”

6. What Drove This? • December 1984 – Bhopal India catastrophe • August 1985 – Institute WV release • 6,928 chemical accidents occurred in the United States within a five-year period

7. Are my employees covered? • Who’s minding the store? • 5 distinct groups of workers are covered • Can be grouped into 3 “task” groups: • Workers involved in waste clean up • Employees working at a TSDF • Employees engaged in emergency response operations for release of, or substantial threats of release of, hazardous substances.

8. Application in the “real world”… • You are working for an environmental consulting company and your client tells you that the property they own is on EPA's NPL, the state has issued them a Notice of Violation, and they want you to tell them what's on the property and what's going to have to be done to clean it up. This action is covered under sections (i) & (ii) if under RCRA. • "You want to be a good neighbor, and the regulators are telling you that your site is an uncontrolled hazardous waste site, but they haven't given you a Notice of Violation or a Compliance order -– that's covered by section (iii). If they give you the NOV, then you would be covered by either section (i) or (ii), depending on how the Notice was written. • Section (iv) covers only those locations that have been permitted as TSDFs. • "Everyone else who has a spill, release, or cleanup not covered by any of the above is covered by section (v). This also includes manufacturing plants that have teams to handle their spills or releases."

9. What Materials AreCovered?29 CFR 1910.1000 Toxic & Hazardous Substances, Table Z-1 “Hazardous Materials” - Physical “Hazardous Materials” - Chemical • Sensitizers • Irritants • Corrosives • Toxic & Highly Toxic agents • Carcinogens • Combustible • Flammable • Explosives • Oxidizers • Compressed Gases • Organic Peroxides DOT Hazardous Material Table, 49 CFR 172.101 Roughly 2800 line items EPA – Discarded material that meets TRCI criteria

10. Standard’s Requirements • Site Control Plan • Standard operating procedures • Organizational structure • Site Safety & Health Plan • Hazard/Risk Identification • PPE • Safety and health training program • Medical surveillance program • Monitoring • Spill Control • Decontamination procedures • Emergency Response Plan

11. Employee Training • Job function & Exposure Potential • Exposure Based – Waste Sites • General Site Worker – work with hazardous substances with potential exposure >PEL • Occasional Site Worker – periodic , unlikely exposure >PEL • Management & Supervision • Task • Waste Treatment Operations based • Emergency Response based • Defensive or Offensive? • Onsite vs. Offsite personnel

12. Training Requirements – Waste Site Workers • General Site Worker – 40 hours of classroom instruction plus three days supervised field experience • Occasional Site Worker – 24 hours of classroom instruction plus one day supervised field experience • Management and Supervisor – Trained to the level of the employees being supervised plus an additional 8-hours of specialized training • Refresher training – Eight hours of annual refresher training. As discussed above, the annual refresher should be tailored to the specific duties and not a “one size fits all”.

13. Training Requirements – Task based • Operations at TSDF • Provide for the safe conduct of work around hazardous waste/materials • 24 hours and 8 hour annual refresher • Emergency Responders • First Responder Awareness level • First Responder Operations level • HazMat Technician/HazMat Specialist • Incident Commander

14. Emergency Response • FR – Awareness • Sees a spill and reports it, no time requirement • FR - Operations • All the above and attempts to contain spread but not to stop the leak, 8 hours minimum • Technician/Specialist • Offensive action to stop the leak, 24 hours at FRO level + standards requirements • Incident Commander • Overall control and charge of the situation, 24 hours at FRO level + standards requirements • Refresher training for above must be annual and sufficient to maintain and demonstrate competency

15. Summary • Understanding Hazwoper can be confusing • Hazwoper applies to most of us • Determine what the employee is doing • Hazardous Waste Site Worker – 1910.120(e) • TSDF Worker – 1910.120(p) • Emergency Responder – 1910.120(q) • Train according to the requirements • Ensure that your documented program meets the standards criteria

16. Training Summary

17. Resources • OSHA/EPA/USCG/NIOSH manual entitled, "Occupational Safety and Health Guidance Manual for Hazardous Waste Site Activities“ • USDOL, OSHA 3114 – Publication on HAZWOPER • Single Source Pages, Hazardous Waste - https://www.osha.gov/SLTC/hazardouswaste/ • Multiple training resources are available • HWWT program at RMCOEH • Questions? • Michael Hampton • 801-866-2045 • Michael.hampton@hsc.utah.edu • THANK YOU!