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The Solar Collector Option for Maneuvering Near Earth Asteroids

The Solar Collector Option for Maneuvering Near Earth Asteroids. Robert Adams, Ph.D. ER24/Propulsion Research and Technology Branch George C. Marshall Space Flight Center National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Solar Collector Concept.

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The Solar Collector Option for Maneuvering Near Earth Asteroids

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  1. The Solar Collector Option for Maneuvering Near Earth Asteroids Robert Adams, Ph.D. ER24/Propulsion Research and Technology Branch George C. Marshall Space Flight Center National Aeronautics and Space Administration

  2. Solar Collector Concept

  3. Similar in ability to Solar sails with following differences can control thrust vector, offering more optimal maneuvering more involved construction/deployment Solar Collector Concept

  4. Previous Solar Collector Work at MSFC

  5. Survey of Technologies Relevant to Defense from NEO’s NASA-TP-2004-213089 Concept simplicity makes this an attractive option provided operational issues can be resolved Could work well with rotating and fragmented bodies – even in a debris-rich environment RASC Study ~100 m collector could concentrate enough energy to move up to 1 km objects Melosh, H. J., Nemchinov, I. V., Zetzer, Yu. I., “Non-Nuclear Strategies for Deflecting Comets and Asteroids”, Hazards Due to Comets and Asteroids, p1111-1132, The University of Arizona Press, Tucson, 1994

  6. NEO Mitigation using Exploration Technologies Interceptor Bullets (Solar Collector shown) Kick Stage Cradle

  7. Solar Collector Configuration 50 m Inflatable Vanes Primary Collector Secondary Collector Tip Vanes/Avionics 16.67 m 9.375 m

  8. Primary collector made of solar sail materials Folded “parachute-like” to fit in allowable bullet volume Inflated using vanes along major seams, nitrogen gas cures thin film laminate vanes after inflation Secondary collector Thin film of gold layered on beryllium plating Niobium heat pipes with potassium working fluid mounted on back side of beryllium plating to radiate away heat 0.5 m sun shield mounted 0.5 m away from secondary Tip vanes Solar arrays double as tip vanes for attitude control. Redundant communications and avionics systems at all four tip vanes Solar Collector Design

  9. Solar Collector WBS

  10. Solar Collector Effectiveness (single collector) Solar Collector

  11. Required acceleration for continuous deflection Comparative Analysis

  12. Combined solar collector performance against asteroid diameter Comparative Analysis 10 years 5 years 2 years 1 year

  13. Solar Collector Questions to be Addressed

  14. MSFC Solar Thermal Test Facility • Ablation and heat transfer mechanisms • Mechanism for absorption through plume • Will heat diffuse through asteroid too quickly?

  15. Bldg. 4205, Bay 5 • Folding and opening mechanisms • Compact storage not as easy as solar sails • Inflatables, telescoping booms options 4m x 6m off-axis parabolic inflatable solar concentrator 6 DOF pointing control system 3’ diameter rotating vacuum chamber

  16. Deployment Size 20m Solar Sail IKAROS (JAXA) 20m Sunjammer (2014) 38m • Larger Solar Collectors more mission capable 10m Inflatable Antenna

  17. Secondary Mirror design Very high heating loads – difficult design Coating efficiencies and degradation over operating time Systems design Optimize for outbound and inbound mission segments More work on the trajectory analysis Solar Collector Future Research

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