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Explore cognitive science in the reading process, decoding methods, text structures, and online reading strategies to improve comprehension. Understand the importance of linguistics, memory aids, and levels of comprehension. Discover how to navigate diverse texts effectively.
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Language, Culture, Diversity The Reading Process
The Reading Process • Cognitive Science - reader’s prior knowledge - reader’s interest and memory • Example: Agree Disagree 1.Bees sting _____ _____ 2.Earth is flat _____ _____ 3.Tarantulas are _____ _____ Deadly
A Definition of Learning • “Learning is adaptive reorganization in a complex system” (Hutchins, 2000, p. 289) • Accommodation vs. Assimilation
Linguistics • Cue Systems: • 1. Graphophonic • 2. Syntactic • 3. Semantic • Examples: • 1. “ono” • 2. The dog ______ the cat up a tree. • 3. The large cat was donated to the zoo.
Decoding • Context • Morphemic Analysis • Phonics • Examples: • Top down decoding
Reader in Control-Context • Once upon a time___there were three little___who went out into the___big world to build___homes and seek their___.
Morphemic Analysis • Semihemidemipedalist Example: Woody Allan would not be called a semihemidemipedalist!
Yuno-smaw-keed-time sooo-machmo-preedee-no-damounten wai-yu-fala-lai shcrape-damounten laidat wasetime cha-looook wansanset ha-yugoin-loook wasetime somach bealdeen yuteenk-yu mo-nacho eensai-da-box cha-loook-yu eensai Yunokan teenschrate weed-awdees conschrapshens hod fobreed yuno yunowai get-somanee axedent yu-mak-om ass-wai cha-lookyu eensai how-mach-peepos-now mabe-assa-chrabo mobeta-os-stop makeen-bebe bambai da-house-broke Chalookyu Eensai
Cha-loook-yu ousai da-turees de-wenfoget nokan-fine paradise ousai ousai-wea ousai yu howkan ere-teeng eensai ass-jalai srrrfeen-ah wen-yu get-wan goooood ride ass-leeveen ah Ass-wachu-col eensai yu-wenfoget-lov owat assakine-yuno wakine cha-loook-yu eensai Text in Control
Text Structure • Narration • Expository Structures & Signal Words • Cause-Effect • Comparison/Contrast • Time Order • Problem-Solution
Importance of Text Structures • Reading like a writer • Being able to comprehend diverse texts • Example: • Certain plants need an environment with constant, moderate temperature and high humidity or they will die. Consequently, a greenhouse is ideal for these plants.
When Text Structure Won’t Work Internet sites are organized by idiosyncratic design (vs. predictable text structures) • Guided Internet reading and searches: • Assume students will get lost • Start by scaffolding via WebQuests • See <http://webquest.sdsu.edu>
The SORT Strategy: Searching Online Reading Texts • Developing students’ successful independent Internet searches: • Step 1. Type your key word in to your search engine (Google, Bing etc.) e.g. Judge Roy Bean • Step 2. Skim your search results and eliminate unrelated sites • Step 3. Open the remaining sites and take notes (using your computer’s clipboard)
SORT Cont’d • Step 4. Bookmark each site you visit so you can backtrack if you need to • Step 5. Stop when the information at various sites starts to overlap • Detailed example at: • Walker, N. T., Bean, T. W., & Dillard, B. (2010). Whentextbooks fall short: New ways, new texts, new sources of information in the content areas. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann.
Levels of Comprehension • Right on the page • Think and search • On your own • So what?
Lemming Passage Questions • How often does a mass lemming migration occur? (right on page) • What would you do if you lived in a nearby seaport town about to be overrun by lemmings? (on your own)
