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Gender, Identity & Culture. Anthropology & me. Identity: what is it?. Sex. Gender. An individuals sense of being male or female Defined by a person’s culture, not just biology . Generally the biological characteristic such as: XX or XY chromosomes , genitals
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Gender, Identity & Culture Anthropology & me
Identity: what is it? Sex Gender An individuals sense of being male or female Defined by a person’s culture, not just biology. • Generally the biological characteristic such as: • XX or XY chromosomes, • genitals • other physical characteristics determined by a person’s genes
Ontario Human Rights Code • A person’s gender identity is different from their sexual orientation, which is also protected under the OHRC. • People’s gender identity may be different from their birth-assigned sex, and may include:
Gender & identity Transgender: • People whose life experience includes existing in more than one gender. • This may include people who identify as transsexual, and people who describe themselves as being on a “gender spectrum” or as living outside the categories of “man” or “woman.”
Gender & identity • Intersex: • People who are not easily classified as “male” or “female,” based on their physical characteristics at birth or after puberty. • This word replaces the inappropriate term “hermaphrodite.”
Gender & Identity Transsexual: • People who were identified at birth as one sex, but who identify themselves differently. • They may seek or undergo one or more medical treatments to align their bodies with their internally felt identity, such as hormone therapy, sex-reassignment surgery or other procedures.
Cultural variety • Human societies vary in: • How male and females perceive each other. • How they define what it means to be a man or woman. • What roles they view as appropriate for men and women.
Ideal woman? • Attractive • Intelligent • Successful • Witty • Humour • Athletic • Model • Nurturing • Physically fit • Fertility • Health • Artistic • Heterosexual? • Race
Ideal Man? • Successful • Attractive • Tall • Muscular • Wealthy • Occupation • Intelligent • Witty/humour • Sensitive • Protective • Artistic • Healthy • Heterosexual? • Race?
Gender is culturally constructed • The symbols associated with gender, such as clothing • The classification of what is inherently male or female • The relative values of the genders • Behaviour pattern, including what is appropriate for each gender
What are the cultural expectations of women in Canadian society?
Male Identity and Culture • Identity is socially constructed • What it means to be a man or woman varies from culture to culture • Identity is shaped by historical context and the economic development of the society • Gender roles are influenced by social and cultural norms, expectations and ideas Childcare • Men are taking increasingly more responsible for child care within families • 80% of men take some form of leave at birth of a child
Defining Masculinity • What is masculine? • How is masculinity culturally constructed in Canadian society? • What are some of the rules that boys learn to follow in order to be accepted as men? • How are these rules changing?
