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Map Reading Reading a Grid & Determining Direction

Map Reading Reading a Grid & Determining Direction. WHS JROTC SFC Wettrich. Tenino Map. Purpose North (3 types) Types of Azimuths Measuring Azimuths. Plotting Azimuths Practical Exercise Summary Conclusion. Outline . Purpose.

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Map Reading Reading a Grid & Determining Direction

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  1. Map ReadingReading a Grid &Determining Direction WHS JROTC SFC Wettrich Tenino Map

  2. Purpose North (3 types) Types of Azimuths Measuring Azimuths Plotting Azimuths Practical Exercise Summary Conclusion Outline

  3. Purpose To lay the groundwork for successful map reading and land navigation by exposing the cadet to determining grid and magnetic azimuths using a protractor and compass.

  4. North (x3 types) • True North- line through North Pole. • Magnetic North- direction to northern magnetic pole (compass). • Grid North-North as established by map maker. Magnetic North Grid North True North

  5. Types of Azimuth An azimuth is an angle measured clockwise from a base line direction (north). • Grid- angle between grid north and a straight line plotted between two points on a map. • Magnetic- angle determined by using a compass. • Back- opposite direction of an azimuth.

  6. Measuring an Azimuth N • Protractors • Compasses E W S 360 degrees in a CIRCLE

  7. Measuring an AzimuthProtractors

  8. Measuring an AzimuthCompasses Magnetic Lensatic Compass (Military Type) Silva Polaris Compass (Civilian Orienteering)

  9. 3 Ways to Plot Azimuths • Plotting Azimuths between 2 points on a map. • ConvertingMagnetic Azimuths to Grid Azimuths. • ConvertingGrid Azimuths to Magnetic Azimuths.

  10. Reading a GRID 10-DIGIT GRID: EG 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1000M 100M 10M 1M 1000M 100M 10M 1M 8-DIGIT GRID: EG 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1000M 100M 10M 1000M 100M 10M

  11. Reading a GRID 08 74 (4 digit) 084 742 (6 digit) Square Identification Grid Zone 8-Digit Grid (w/in 10 M) COLUMBUS: 16S FL (or GL) 08 45 74 25 TENINO: 10T EH (or EG) 15 85 82 20

  12. Reading a GRID 76 75 28 28 1000 METERS 1000 METERS 2. Then UP 1. Read RIGHT 27 27 76 75

  13. 4 Digit Grid 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 86 85 84 83 82 81 80 What is the 4-digit grid square that the shaded box is in?

  14. 4 Digit Grid 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 86 85 84 1883 83 82 81 80

  15. 4 Digit Grid 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 86 85 84 83 82 81 80 What is the 4-digit grid square that the shaded box is in?

  16. 4 Digit Grid 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 86 2385 85 84 83 82 81 80

  17. Using a Protractor MAKE SURE THAT YOU USE THE CORRECT SCALE for the MAP you have 1:50,000

  18. Using & Reading a Protractor 25 or 250 M 1 “GRID SQUARE” = 1000 M x 1000 M Each # (1, 2, 3, etc) = 100 METERS Each | in between = 50 METERS

  19. Zero “0” Mark 1000 9 8 7 10T EG 05 80 6 5 Place your protractor scale on the Zero-Mark 4 3 2 1 0 2 1 0 1000 9 8 7 6 5 4 3

  20. SAMPLE 1,000 METER GRID SQUARE 46 SAMPLE POINT X 45 12 13 100,000 M SQUARE IDENTIFICATION EH EG GRID ZONE DESIGNATOR 10T Six-Digit Grid Coordinates 10T EG 055 804 1000 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 2 1 0 1000 9 8 7 6 5 4 3

  21. SAMPLE 1,000 METER GRID SQUARE 46 SAMPLE POINT X 45 12 13 100,000 M SQUARE IDENTIFICATION EH EG GRID ZONE DESIGNATOR 10T Eight-Digit Grid Coordinates 10T EG 0557 8046 1000 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 2 1 0 1000 9 8 7 6 5 4 3

  22. Slide protractor over to the RIGHT - 45 Reading a Protractor Line-Up Vertical Scale of protractor with 08 Grid 09 08 Move UP 25 & place a dot or mark 75 75 RIGHT 74 74 UP 08 45 74 25 Use Protractor 08 09

  23. MUST BE PRECISE MUST slide protractor to the RIGHT to place mark CAUTION: You can’t put your pen/marker thru the plastic edge/overhang !

  24. 6 Digit Grid and Map Legend Columbus Georgia Map What is located at the following grid coordinates? 1. 092741 2. 078777 3. 042936 4. 033729 5. 015729 6. 947779 7. 101829 8. 028897 9. 944885 10. 956940

  25. 6 Digit Grid and Map Legend Columbus Georgia Map What is located at the following grid coordinates? 1. 092741 Hard Surface Road 2. 078777 Wilkinson Cemetery 3. 042936 Quarry 4. 033729 Intersection 5. 015729 Observation Tower 6. 947779 Trail 7. 101829 Swamp 8. 028897 Wolf Creek 9. 944885 Water Tower 10. 956940 Eastway School

  26. SAMPLE 1,000 METER GRID SQUARE 46 SAMPLE POINT X 45 12 13 100,000 M SQUARE IDENTIFICATION EH EG GRID ZONE DESIGNATOR 10T What is the grid coordinate of Hill 141? 10T EG 05 57 80 46

  27. EG 1350 8009 POS 1 TENINO Map Sheet Point #1 • STEP 1. Locate 2 points: • POS 1- EG1350 8009 and • POS 2- EG1610 8055 on the map. 2. Then UP .09 80 .50 1. Read RIGHT 13

  28. EG 1610 8055 POS 2 POS 1 TENINO Map Sheet; Point #2 STEP 1. Locate two points: • POS 1- EG13508009 and • POS 2- EG1610 8055 on the map. 2. Then UP .55 80 .10 1. Read RIGHT

  29. POS 1 STEP 2. • Connect the points with a straight edge. • Draw a line extending beyond the points. Use a STRAIGHT EDGE POS 2

  30. POS 1 STEP 3. Place index of protractor on line at a vertical (North/South) or horizontal (East/West) grid line. Keep the 0-180 degree line on the vertical grid line. POS 2

  31. POS 1 STEP 4. Read the angle value on the grid scale. POS 2 80 degrees 1420 mils

  32. BACK AZIMUTH RULE #1: IF THE AZIMUTH IS MORE THAN 180 DEGREES, THEN SUBTRACT 180 DEGREES. EXAMPLE: AZIMUTH 215 DEGREES -180 DEGREES BACK AZIMUTH 35 DEGREES RULE #2: IF THE AZIMUTH IS 180 DEGREES OR LESS, THEN ADD 180 DEGREES. EXAMPLE: AZIMUTH 180 DEGREES +180 DEGREES BACK AZIMUTH 360 DEGREES

  33. 3 Ways to Plot Azimuths • Plotting Azimuths between 2 points on a map. • ConvertingMagnetic Azimuths to Grid Azimuths. • ConvertingGrid Azimuths to Magnetic Azimuths.

  34. Plotting Azimuths • Azimuths must be converted to the environment they will be used in. • Grid to Magnetic (map-to-compass) • Magnetic to Grid (compass-to-map). • Use the Declination Diagram to find the conversion angle (GM Angle). • For Grid to Magnetic Conversion Remember: Right-Add-Left-Subtract (RALS): • GM to the Right Add GM. • GM to the Left Subtract the GM.

  35. Plotting Azimuths; Declination Diagrams What is the GM Angle for Tenino? What is the GM Angle for Columbus?

  36. Practical ExerciseQuestion #1: • Given a Tenino Map (hint: find Declination Diagram). • From your location you see a radio tower on magnetic azimuth of 275 degrees. • What azimuth will you use to locate the radio tower on your map? • Bonus: What would be the GRID azimuth from the tower to your position?

  37. Answer: # 1 MAGNETIC AZIMUTH: 275 DEGREES WESTERLY G-M ANGLE: + 21 DEGREES GRID AZIMUTH: 296 DEGREES BONUS: GRID AZIMUTH: 296 DEGREES OPPOSITE DIRECTION: - 180 DEGREES BACK AZIMUTH: 116 DEGREES

  38. Practical ExerciseQuestion #2 • Given a Tenino Map (hint: find Declination Diagram). • After determining the map location for your mission with the B Company platoon leader, you plotted the grid azimuth at 179 degrees. There are mine fields on both sides of your route so you want to make sure you travel in the right direction. • What azimuth will you tell your compass man to follow? • Bonus: You got half way to your destination and were directed to dispatch a squad back to your original location. • What azimuth should your squad leader follow?

  39. Answer: # 2 GRID AZIMUTH: 179 DEGREES EASTERLY G-M ANGLE: -21 DEGREES MAGNETIC AZIMUTH: 158 DEGREES BONUS: MAGNETIC AZIMUTH: 158 DEGREES OPPOSITE DIRECTION: +180 DEGREES BACK AZIMUTH: 338 DEGREES

  40. What is the grid azimuth from Hill 141 to Hill 144? 48 degrees What is the back azimuth for 48 degrees? 228 degrees

  41. Practical ExerciseQuestion #3 (TENINO Map) • What TERRAIN FEATURE is located at EG 06159015? • What TERRAIN FEATURE is located at EG 12859835? • What TERRAIN FEATURE is located at EG 10309650? • What TERRAIN FEATURE is located at EG14508545? • What TERRAIN FEATURE is located at EG 02407981? • What TERRAIN FEATURE is located at EG 15329335? • What TERRAIN FEATURE is located at EH 18700030?

  42. Answer: PE # 3 • What TERRAIN FEATURE is located at EG 06159015? - DEPRESSION • What TERRAIN FEATURE is located at EG 12859835? - SADDLE • What TERRAIN FEATURE is located at EG 10309650? – RIDGE • What TERRAIN FEATURE is located at EG14508545? – CLIFF • What TERRAIN FEATURE is located at EG 02407981? - DRAW • What TERRAIN FEATURE is located at EG 15329335? - SPUR • What TERRAIN FEATURE is located at EH 18700030? - HILL

  43. Purpose North Types of Azimuths Measuring Azimuths Plotting Azimuths Practical Exercise Summary

  44. Map Reading Reading a Grid &Determining Direction WHS JROTC SFC Wettrich

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