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Splash Screen. A War on Two Fronts (cont.). While one group of soldiers attacked San Juan Hill , the Rough Riders , led by Theodore Roosevelt and accompanied by the all-black 9th and 10th Cavalry Regiments , attacked Kettle Hill.

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  1. Splash Screen

  2. A War on Two Fronts (cont.) • While one group of soldiers attacked San Juan Hill, the Rough Riders, led by Theodore Roosevelt and accompanied by the all-black 9th and 10th Cavalry Regiments, attacked Kettle Hill. • The plan worked, and the United States took control of Santiago and Puerto Rico. Section 2

  3. A B C D Which percentage of the American troops fighting in Cuba were African American? A.15% B.25% C.45% D.50% Section 2

  4. An American Empire In defeating Spain, the United States acquired an overseas empire. Section 2

  5. An American Empire (cont.) • When deciding whether or not to annex the Philippines, the United States faced a difficult choice—remain true to its republican ideals or become an imperial power that ruled a foreign country without the consent of its people. • President McKinley ultimately decided to annex the islands. • On December 10, 1898, the U.S. and Spain signed the Treaty of Paris. Section 2

  6. An American Empire (cont.) • Although the United States had promised to grant Cuba its independence, President McKinley added the Platt Amendment to their Constitution. • This amendment made Cuba an American protectorate, and remained in effect until 1934. Section 2

  7. An American Empire (cont.) • In 1900, Congress passed the Foraker Act, establishing a civil government in Puerto Rico. • The debate over Puerto Rico’s status continues today. Section 2

  8. An American Empire (cont.) • The Philippine-AmericanWar, or Philippine Insurrection, lasted for more than three years. • To fight the guerrillas, the U.S. military adopted many of the same policies that America had condemned Spain for using in Cuba. • The first U.S. civilian governor of the islands, William Howard Taft, slowly reduced Filipino hostility through his reforms. Section 2

  9. An American Empire (cont.) • On July 4, 1902, the United States declared the war over. • By the mid-1930s, Filipinos were permitted to elect their own congress and president. • Finally, in 1946, the United States granted independence to the Philippines. Section 2

  10. A B C D The following happened under the Treaty of Paris EXCEPT A.Cuba became an independent nation. B.The United States acquired Puerto Rico and Guam. C.The United States paid Spain $20 million for the Philippines. D.The United States decided a senator would govern the Philippines. Section 2

  11. Section 2-End

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