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When a picture and its words don't match: Irony and Integration in Comics

Shweta Narayan University of California, Berkeley April 8 th 2006. When a picture and its words don't match: Irony and Integration in Comics. Irony and Integration in Comics. Integration? Comics as data Conflict between spaces What do Comics do that's different?.

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When a picture and its words don't match: Irony and Integration in Comics

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  1. Shweta Narayan University of California, Berkeley April 8th 2006 When a picture and its words don't match: Irony and Integration in Comics

  2. Irony and Integration in Comics • Integration? • Comics as data • Conflict between spaces • What do Comics do that's different?

  3. Irony and Integration in Comics • Integration? • Comics as data • Conflict between spaces • What do Comics do that's different?

  4. Irony and Integration in Comics • Integration? • Mental Spaces • Comics as data • Conflict between spaces • What do Comics do that's different?

  5. Mental Spaces • Theoretical framework • e.g. Fauconnier and Turner, 2002* • Used to explain a wide variety of linguistic and cognitive phenomena * Fauconnier, Gilles and Mark Turner. 2002. The Way We Think: Conceptual Blending and the Mind's Hidden Complexities. New York: Basic Books.

  6. Mental Spaces • Spaces are cognitive domains • There are mappings between spaces.

  7. Mental Spaces • Spaces are cognitive domains • There are mappings between spaces. • Let's look at “trashcan basketball”

  8. Mental Spaces • Spaces are cognitive domains • There are mappings between spaces. • Let's look at “trashcan basketball” • How can we understand this at all? • What do trashcans have to do with basketball?

  9. Mental Spaces • Trashcan Basketball

  10. Mental Spaces • Trashcan Basketball * Trash * Container Domain 1: Trashcans

  11. Mental Spaces • Trashcan Basketball * Ball * Hoop * Points * Trash * Container Domain 1: Trashcans Domain 2: Basketball

  12. Mental Spaces • Trashcan Basketball Mappings * Ball * Hoop * Points * Trash * Container Domain 1: Trashcans Domain 2: Basketball

  13. Integration • Mental Spaces can be integrated • Creating new spaces with • inferences mapped from the input spaces • and new inferences that emerge from the process of integration.

  14. Integration • Trashcan Basketball • Inference from Trashcans: You don't retrieve the ball • Inference from Basketball: It's a game • Emergent structure: Slam dunks aren't cool * Ball * Hoop * Points * Trash * Container Trashcans Basketball

  15. Irony and Integration in Comics • Integration? • Comics as data • Conflict between spaces • What do Comics do that's different?

  16. Comics as data

  17. Comics as data How do we understand what's going on here?

  18. Comics as data Time 1 Static image

  19. Comics as data Time 1 Static image Time 2 Static image Panel boundary

  20. Comics as data Time 1 Static image Time 2 Static image Panel boundary Inferred motion

  21. Comics as data Time 1 Static image Time 2 Static image Panel boundary Time 3 Inferred motion Inferred motion

  22. Comics as data Time 1 Static image Time 2 Static image Panel boundary Time 3 Static image Speech bubbles Inferred motion Inferred motion

  23. Comics as data • Linguistic and Pictorial component

  24. Comics as data • Linguistic and Pictorial component • How do they relate?

  25. Comics as data • Linguistic and Pictorial component • How do they relate? Type: Entity Property: can-talk

  26. Comics as data • Linguistic and Pictorial component • How do they relate? Speech Content Type: Entity Property: can-talk

  27. Comics as data • Linguistic and Pictorial component • How do they relate? • Emergent meaning Type: Entity Property: is-talking Speech Content

  28. Comics as data • Linguistic and Pictorial component • How do they relate? • Emergent meaning • Complementary information

  29. Comics as data • Linguistic and Pictorial component • How do they relate? • Emergent meaning • Complementary information • Conflict?

  30. Irony and Integration in Comics • Integration? • Comics as data • Conflict between spaces • What do Comics do that's different?

  31. Conflict between spaces • Conflict between characters' belief spaces • Narrative-level conflict • Discourse-level conflict

  32. Conflict between spaces • Conflict between characters' belief spaces • Narrative-level conflict • Discourse-level conflict

  33. Conflict between characters' belief spaces

  34. Speech space Content: implies lack of understanding of ch2's cognitive viewpoint Picture Space Depicted objects: Political signs

  35. Conflict between characters' belief spaces Type: Entity Property: has beliefs Property: is-talking Speech Content implies beliefs

  36. Conflict between characters' belief spaces * Ch1 * Ch2 (Tajel) (Prof) * Speech * Depicted bubble objects Depiction space Type: Entity Property: has beliefs Property: is-talking Speech Content implies beliefs

  37. Conflict between characters' belief spaces * Ch1 * Ch2 (Tajel) (Prof) * Speech * Depicted bubble objects Depiction space Type: Entity Property: has beliefs Property: is-talking Professor (off-screen) Type: Entity Property: has beliefs Property: can see Speech Content implies beliefs

  38. Conflict between characters' belief spaces * Ch1 * Ch2 (Tajel) (Prof) * Speech * Depicted bubble objects Depiction space Type: Entity Property: has beliefs Property: is-talking Professor (off-screen) Type: Entity Property: has beliefs Property: can see Speech Content implies beliefs Content informs beliefs

  39. Conflict between characters' belief spaces * Ch1 * Ch2 (Agatha) (Adam) * Speech * Depicted bubble object Depiction space Type: Entity Property: cannot see Property: has beliefs Property: is-talking Type: Entity Property: has beliefs Property: can see Speech Content implies beliefs Content informs beliefs

  40. Conflict between spaces • Conflict between characters' belief spaces • Narrative-level conflict • Discourse-level conflict

  41. Narrative-level Conflict Concept: “digital age” Information: - content: implies ink and paper are outdated and unnecessary Entity: US Constitution Information: - content: depiction of entity

  42. Narrative-level Conflict Concept: “digital age” Information: - content: implies ink and paper are outdated and unnecessary - style: register shift to informal rhetorical question hand-lettering Entity: US Constitution Type: Ink-on-paper Evokes democracy as American cultural ideal Information: - content: depiction of entity - style: evokes action hand-drawing

  43. Ink and Paper don't matterimplies: Voting Machines are a good idea cues: Text space in final panel register: informal style: rhetorical question Voting Machines: viewpoints • Ink and Paper matterimplies: Voting Machines are a bad idea • cues: • Text space in middle panel • register: factual • US Constitution • evokes: democracy • art style • evokes: hand drawing; ink on paper

  44. Ink and Paper don't matterimplies: Voting Machines are a good idea Cues stylistically marked as sarcastic Voting Machines: viewpoints • Ink and Paper matterimplies: Voting Machines are a bad idea • Majority of the cues support this • Elaboration: Democracy

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