Globalization and Global Warming

1. Globalization and Global Warming UNYP 2007 TEAM: Lior, Eliska, Martin

2. content • introduction • about global warming (GW) • factors leading to GW • average temperatures • global impact of GW • available solutions • summary

3. Why this TOPIC? • up-to-date problem • everybody has an opinion • connected with globalization

4. Globalization and Global Warming • The cause of global warming is human activity. Examples: • Fossil fuel combustion associated with industrial development. • The burning of forests. • Biomass combustion - the burning of wood, coal, and dung for cooking and heat.

5. Globalization and Global Warming • The inability to solve global warming, is emblematic of the failures of globalization. • However, it is also an opportunity to use the forces of globalization for the good of the planet's health.

6. Global Warming • The most important factors in halting climate change is reducing levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. • The global average temperature has risen by 0.6 ºC in the last 100 years. • The cost of dealing with the effects of climate change is almost $300 billion every year.

7. Projected Changes In Global Temperature

8. Past EARTH temperatures Graph based on data from the Climatic Research Unit of the University of East Anglia.

9. Past EARTH temperatures Graph based on data reported by Moberg, et.al., in Nature, V. 433, 10 February 2005.

10. Past EARTH temperatures Global temperature variation for the past 425,000 years. The present is at the right. The horizontal 0 line represents the 1961–1990 average global temperature. The numbers on the left show the variation from that baseline in °C. Image based on data from the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration.

11. The Greenhouse Effect • The greenhouse effect is the rise in temperature that the Earth experiences because certain gases in the atmosphere trap energy from the sun. • Without these gases, heat would escape back into space and Earth’s average temperature would be about 60ºF colder. • Because of how they warm our world, these gases are referred to as greenhouse gases.

12. The Greenhouse Effect

13. Who Is Responsible? • The countries that emit most carbon dioxide contribute most to climate change. • The world's biggest polluter is the United States. It produces 20.4 tons of carbon dioxide per person, annually. • The UK release 9.5 tons per person, annually. • In China, carbon dioxide emissions are only 1.9 tons per person, annually.

14. What Can Be Done? • In May 1997 Consumer Alert formed a subgroup of the National Consumer Coalition on climate change policy, the "Cooler Heads" Coalition, to address the consumer impact of climate change policies. • A total of 178 countries (including 39 industrialized nations) signed up to the Kyoto Protocol in 2001. • United States, the world's largest emitter, has not come on board. • Reducing reliance on fuel will help to slow down the effects and will help to adapt better to changes in the future.

15. Possible Implications Of Environmental Policies 1. According to a report by the Department of Energy, stringent targets to reduce fossil-fuel emissions in the US will cause energy-intensive industries, including steel, iron, chemical, rubber and plastic, to flee from the developed countries to undeveloped countries, taking with them hundreds of thousands of jobs.

16. Possible Implications Of Environmental Policies 2. Carbon taxes will cause relatively large income losses in the poorest one-fifth of the population. The poor, because they spend a greater proportion of their income on necessities, would have few ways to cut back to compensate for higher living costs.

17. Possible Implications Of Environmental Policies 3. Stabilizing emissions at 1990 levels by 2010 would reduce the growth of US per capita income by 5% per year. 4. Senior citizens on fixed incomes would find their energy costs escalating and their income dwindling.

18. Will The Policies Actually Stop Global Warming? • By all estimates, only severe reductions in global CO2 emissions -- on the order of 60 percent or more -- will alter the forecasts. • The resulting economic dislocations would be tremendous, potentially outweighing the negative impacts of even the most apocalyptic warming scenario. • If the policies do not include developing nations the result will likely be a reallocation of emissions to developing nations, not a reduction of emissions.

19. Summary - list • Has the climate changed during the 20th century? • What causes this climate change? • What climate changes are expected for the future? • What are the likely consequences of climate change? • How could Climate Change affect us in the future? • How could greenhouse gas emissions be reduced? • Are recent extreme weather events due to global warming? • Do man-made greenhouse gases matter compared to water vapor? • Can ecosystems adapt to Climate Change? • What is and is not known with certainty about Climate Change? • Conclusion • Other views

20. Summary • global problem • atributable to human activities • nature can change it by itself • demand-suply law may change it

21. Questions? Thank You!

22. Sources Link for sources: • http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2006/09/17/INGEJL4C1T1.DTL • http://www.seed.slb.com/en/scictr/watch/climate_change/change.htm • http://www.globalwarming.org