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Chapter 17 The Progressive Era (1890-1920) Section 1: Drive for Reform. US2. Progressivism Page 548-549. What changes in America led to the emergence of the Progressive movement? What types of people were attracted to the Progressive movement?
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Chapter 17 The Progressive Era (1890-1920)Section 1: Drive for Reform US2
ProgressivismPage 548-549 • What changes in America led to the emergence of the Progressive movement? • What types of people were attracted to the Progressive movement? • What are some of the many problems that Progressives hoped to solve?
ProgressivismPage 548-549 • What changes in America led to the emergence of the Progressive movement? (Industrialization, Urbanization, and Immigration all helped lead to the emergence of the Progressive Movement) • What types of people were attracted to the Progressive movement? (Progressives came from all aspects of society, regardless of political party, religion, ethnicity or social class, but women played a key role)
3. What are some of the many problems that Progressives hoped to solve? • Womens right to vote • Corrupt and inefficient government • Poor living conditions in cities • Abuses of big business • Reduce gap between rich and poor • Improve working conditions of lower class • Child Labor
“Muckrakers” • Muckraking is a form of journalism, used words and pictures to push for reform • Lincoln Steffens wrote about corruption within the Philadelphia gov’t • Jacob Riis was a photographer who photographed the horrid conditions in NYC’s tenement housing • Author Upton Sinclair wrote “The Jungle” exposing the dangerous and unsanitary conditions in meatpacking plants
Progressives Reform Society • Social Gospel: Some progressives Christians used religion as a motivation to seek reform by referring to the teachings of Jesus • Jane Addams a leader in the settlement house movement, opening community centers in cities to benefit the poor (YMCA) Hull House
Labor Reforms • Progressives fought from the early 1900’s to ban child labor • The Keating-Owens Act (1918) banned child labor but the Supreme Court ruled this unconstitutional, child labor existed in some form until 1938 • Workers of all ages faced dangers at work with 30,000 dying on the job each year and 500,000 being injured • In 1911 a fire at the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory in NYC killed 146 workers, mostly women • Reforms came slowly to make conditions safer in the workplace
Progressives succeeded in reducing child labor and improving school enrollment. The United States Children’s Bureau was created in 1912.
Galveston Hurricane of 1900 • Sept 1900, massive hurricane strikes Galveston, TX without warning • 8,000 people are killed in the deadliest natural disaster in US history • Many felt the gov’t did not do enough and the Mayor and his board were replaced by a city commission • By 1918 500+ cities had followed the “Galveston Model” and adopted city commissions as well
Reforming Gov’tPage 554-555 • DEFINE • Direct Primary • Initiative • Referendum • Recall • 17th Amendment • Open Ended • Who was Robert LaFollette? • Who were the Progressive minded governors of NY and NJ and what reforms did they pass?
