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Weight loss Surgery at St. Agnes Hospital

Weight loss Surgery at St. Agnes Hospital. Andrew M. Averbach, M.D., FACS Director of Bariatric and Minimally Invasive Surgery. Spectrum of the obesity. Terms Used to Describe Various Levels of Body Fat. Normal Weight (BMI 18.5 to 24.9). Overweight (BMI 25 to 29.9).

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Weight loss Surgery at St. Agnes Hospital

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  1. Weight loss Surgery at St. Agnes Hospital Andrew M. Averbach, M.D., FACS Director of Bariatric and Minimally Invasive Surgery

  2. Spectrum of the obesity Terms Used to Describe Various Levels of Body Fat Normal Weight (BMI 18.5 to 24.9) Overweight(BMI 25 to 29.9) Obese(BMI 30 to 34.9) Severely Obese(BMI 35 to 39.9 ) Morbidly Obese(BMI 40 or more)

  3. Obesity Classification Disease Stage by BMI

  4. Health Risks Related Diseases (Co-morbid conditions): • Obese people have higher risk for: • Diabetes Type II (adult onset) • Severe arthritis • High blood pressure (not controlled with medications) • Sleep apnea (disordered breathing during sleep) • Obesity related heart muscle weakness • High cholesterol (not controlled with diet and medications) • Fatty liver that can lead to cirrhosis Source: The Surgeon General’s Call to Action to Prevent Overweight and Obesity.

  5. Health Risks (cont.) Related Diseases and Health Problems • Obese people are at higher risk for: • Certain types of cancer (breast, uterine, colon) • Digestive disorders (e.g. gastro-esophageal reflux disease, or GERD, gall bladder problems) • Breathing difficulties (e.g. shortness of breath, asthma). • Psychological problems such as depression. • Problems with fertility and pregnancy. • Stress Incontinence. Source: The Surgeon General’s Call to Action to Prevent Overweight and Obesity.

  6. Types of Surgery to Treat Obesity • Types of weight-loss surgeries • Malabsorptive procedures shorten the digestive tract (Duodenal switch, Biliopancreatic diversion) • Restrictive procedures reduce how much the stomach can hold (Lap Band, Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastectomy) • Combined procedures shorten the digestive tract and reduce how much the stomach can hold (Laparoscopic Gastric bypass)

  7. Surgical procedures to Treat Morbid Obesity Gastric Bypass (GBP) LAP-BAND System Sleeve Gastrectomy

  8. Expected Outcomes from the Surgery • Improvement or resolution of: • Diabetes (type 2): 80% • High blood pressure: 80% • Asthma: marked improvement • GERD (gastro-esophageal reflux disease): 95% • Sleep apnea: close to 100% • High cholesterol: 80% improvement/resolution • Infertility • Depression.

  9. Bariatric SurgeryLong-term outcomes

  10. Bariatric Volumes in Maryland

  11. ASBS/SRC COE requirements • Surgeons: ABS certified, bariatric training, >50 cases/year, >125 cases in the past, postop.management • Hospital with >125 cases/year; bariatric surgery credentialing and in-service education program • Hospital with integrated multidisciplinary program (OR, specialized nurses, dietician, psychologist, consultants, critical care, radiology and etc.) • Patients education and informed consent (indications, surgery, alternative Tx, outcomes, risks, follow-up and etc) • Bariatric team: Med.Director, coordinator,specialists, nurses • Bariatric on call coverage • Clinical pathways, standardized orders, procedures • Support groups, outcome/long-term follow-up and database

  12. Gastric bypass results

  13. Laparoscopic vs. Open Gastric Bypass 2004-2006 Nguyen et al., J Am Coll Surg.2007; 205:248-255

  14. Advantages Rapid initial weight loss Higher total average weight loss . Higher rate of co-morbidity resolution Over 40 years of surgical experience in USA Disadvantages Bigger operation and somewhat slower recovery. Major surgery to reverse Possibility of nutritional problems such as Iron deficiency anemia and vitamin B 12 deficiency 2-5% chances of ulcers at the junction of the stomach and the small bowel Laparoscopic Gastric Bypass

  15. Advantages Lowest mortality rate No stomach stapling or cutting, or intestinal re-routing Adjustable Smaller operation , easily reversible Lowest operative complication rate Low malnutrition risk Disadvantages Slower weight loss. Regular follow-up critical for optimal results Requires more commitment from the patient. Slippage or erosion and injury to the esophagus or stomach as possible complications. Possibility of mechanical problems with device, infection Band intolerance, poor weight loss may result in Band removal in about 5% of patients The LAP-BAND System

  16. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass Because: Lower risk of deficiencies No risk of marginal ulcer No or minimal “dumping” No risk of intestinal obstruction Easily converted to bypass for inadequate weight loss Contraindications to bypass (chr.anemia, Crohn’s disease etc.) Comparable long-term weight loss to Gastric bypass Very effective as 1-st stage prior to Gastric bypass in BMI>60 Lap Band Because: No risk of system malfunctioning (slippage, erosion, infection and etc.) No need for adjustment No foreign body/plastic Contraindications to Lap Band (connective tissue disorders, allergy) Need to take NSAIDs for arthritis or heart disease Sleeve gastrectomy showed superior weight loss at 3 years Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy is an alternative to:

  17. Laparoscopic Sleeve GastrectomyDisadvantages: • Potential for inadequate weight loss/ weight regain due to sleeve dilatation • People with BMI>60 may need 2-nd stage surgery (Gastric Bypass) to achieve normal weight • Sweet eaters, grazers, binge eaters have suboptimal results • Potential complications with long staple line • Not reversible • May worsen reflux disease (heartburn) • Not covered by any insurance • Will have to take vitamins, B12, calcium, possibly antacids • Mortality 0-0.5%, complications 2.5%, leaks 1%

  18. Gastric Band Adjustment and Follow-up • Follow-up for life with bariatric surgeon • Follow-up at 2 and 6 weeks after surgery • First adjustment after 6 weeks • First adjustment in the office if possible or using X-ray • Subsequent adjustments done as needed • Patient-driven adjustment policy: Despite your best effort (healthy eating and regular exercise) - no weight loss for 2-3 weeks in a row • Follow-up visit every 3 months during 1-2 year • Annual Band adjustment under X-ray to look for optimal restriction and to detect early potential problems with the band

  19. 550 cases Mortality 0% Morbidity 3.2% Re-operations 1.2% (stomach laceration - 3; acute band obstruction,port infection; band intolerance) Re-admission within 1 month 2% (dehydration; atelectases; wound infection). Average LOS – 1 day (range 0-5) Band slippage – 0.57%, no band erosions Band removal/gastric bypass – 1.2% 275 cases Mortality 0% Morbidity 2.3% Re-operations 1% (stomach laceration) Re-admission 1.5% Average LOS 1 day No slips, erosions, infection or band removal to date St.Agnes Hospital outcomes with Lap Band Total for our program My personal results

  20. Weight loss after gastric bypass vs. Lap band Jan et al., J.GI Surgery, 2007

  21. % Excess Body Weight Loss by ProcedureSt. Agnes Hospital

  22. % Weight Excess Body Loss by initial BMISt.Agnes Hospital

  23. Weight Loss Results by Surgeon

  24. Lap Band: Best results seen • BMI 35-49 • No serious co-morbidities • Good exercise tolerance; no disabling arthritis • Have a greater commitment to exercise and good dietary choices then with other procedures

  25. Lap Band vs. Diet in BMI 30-35%

  26. Laparoscopic Sleeve GastrectomyBMI decrease at 2 years

  27. Lap Band (%) Low risk of surgery (85) Quicker recovery (80) “I felt it was better for me.” 6% less patients decide to have Lap Band after seminar and surgeons consult 50% choose Lap Band Lap Gastric Bypass More overall weight loss (92) Quicker weight loss (79) “I felt it was better for me.” 6% more switch to bypass after seminar and surgeon consult 50% choose Gastric bypass Band or Bypass? How patients choose?

  28. What procedure to choose? We will decide together. Laparoscopic Gastric Bypass • Your choice • Procedure of choice for any BMI • Multiple co-morbidities requiring quick resolution • BMI >50 Laparoscopic Gastric Banding (Lap Band) • Your choice. • BMI 35-49 • No/few co-morbidities, no disabling arthritis, women who plan to have children within a year Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy • Procedure of choice for any BMI • BMI>50 and you do not want gastric bypass • Your choice

  29. Who qualifies for the Bariatric Surgery? • NIH criteria • Weight: BMI more than 40 or 35 with two serious illnesses. • Free from untreated mental illnesses such as Bulimia and Schizophrenia, Bipolar disorder or Severe depression, Mental retardation, Anorexia. • Documented evidence of weight loss attempts. In Maryland 6 months over the past two years (varies by insurance company). • Understanding by the patient that the surgery is only a tool to lose weight. • Life style changes, exercise and eating habits are of absolute importance. • Age: 18-60 years of age

  30. Who does not qualifies for the Bariatric Surgery? • Those who have severe uncorrectable heart disease. • Heart failure. • Angina and coronary artery disease. • Severe lung disease (home oxygen). • Psychiatric illnesses • In whom surgery is not feasible: UNWILLING & UNABLE • Lack of understanding and willingness to learn how bariatric surgery works for you. • Unable or unwilling to make necessary life-style, eating habits changes • Limited exercise tolerance. • Non-compliant with work-up, follow-up and recommendations

  31. With ANY Bariatric Procedure Best Outcomes are seen when: • HISTORY: You seriously tried to loose weight in the past; Surgery is not the starting point • MOTIVATION: You leave all the excuses and get the job done. • INVOLVMENT: You are proactively participate in your care; Never say “nobody told me that!” . • COMPLIANCE: You follow all recommendations, come for regular follow-up. • COMMITMENT: You exercise regularly and assume good eating habits. • SUPPORT: You have good social/family support or actively seek help when needed, attend group support meetings.

  32. When surgery might not work: • You are waiting for weight loss - without exercising and changing eating habits. • You have an excuse why you are not exercising or eating right. • “Cheating” with high calorie foods or drinks • “Grazing” – continuous eating throughout the day • You rely only on surgery for weight loss. • You think that this is not a LIFELONG effort. • You show up late or miss your appointment in doctor’s office! • You are not coming for regular scheduled follow-up appointments

  33. Your initial steps: • Make sure you meet the NIH criteria. • Check with insurance for coverage. • Make sure that we participate with your insurance or be willing to cover the expense. • See the dietician and psychologist. • Fill all the forms and obtain copy of recent Physical, consults, studies. • Make appointment to see Dr.Averbach. • If you have questions - Call the office.

  34. If You are considering bariatric surgery and think that: • Safety • Results • Compassion • Availability 24/7 • Professionalism • Dedication Are important you can call my office tomorrow

  35. Thank you! Questions? To view this presentation again and obtain additional information - Visit our website www.mdlapbarisurge.com

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