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1. Virgil and Horace Marie Danner BY: And Kirsten Whitley

2. Horace’s Life • Horace lived from 65BC – 8BC • His real name was Quints Horatius Flaccus. • He was born in a small town between Apulia and Lucania called Venusia. • As he grew up he went to Rome for his primary education, and then his father sent him to Athens to study Greek and Philosophy. Bronze medallion of Horace

3. Horace’s life in the military • When Julius caser was assassinated Horace joined the military and ruled under Brutus in 44 BC. • He was a staff officer in the Battle of Philippi in 42 BC.( he claimed that he saved his own life by throwing away his shield and fleeing) • When he returned to Italy he found his estate confiscated and his father missing, he was then reduced to poverty. • He then wanted to be an officer of the treasury called a Scriba Quaestoriuswhich would allow him to practice his poetic art.

4. Horace’s Father • His father was a freed slave whose job was to take things from the seller to the buyer. He only received 1% of the purchase price(called a coactor) • He paid for Horace to go to school in Athens. (he wrote a poem to his father) If my character is flawed by a few minor faults, but is otherwise decent and moral, if you can point out only a few scattered blemishes on an otherwise immaculate surface, if no one can accuse me of greed, or of prurience, or of profligacy, if I live a virtuous life, free of defilement (pardon, for a moment, my self-praise), and if I am to my friends a good friend, my father deserves all the credit... As it is now, he deserves from me unstinting gratitude and praise. I could never be ashamed of such a father, nor do I feel any need, as many people do, to apologize for being a freedman's son -Horace

5. Literary Circle • It included Virgil and Lucius Varius Rufus as well as himself. • Lucius Varius Rufus introduced Horace to Maecenas who became Horace’s friend. • Maecenas provided Horace with a villa in the Sabine Hills so he could freely practice his poetry. • Maecenas died a few months before Horace but then Horace was buried near Maecenas when he died himself.

6. Horace’s poetry " It is not the rich man you should properly call happy, but him who knows how to use with wisdom the blessings of the gods, to endure hard poverty, and who fears dishonor worse than death, and is not afraid to die for cherished friends or fatherland." - Horace

7. Horace’s Poetry • He was one of the best poets during the Augustan Age and most of his poems were about seizing the day. • His first work, the first book of Satires, was published in 35 B.C • In 29 B.C. he published the Epodes, in 23 B.C. the first three book of Odes. • He influenced Ben Jonson, Alexander Pope, and many others with his poetry. • Wrote in Greek metres.

8. Virgil’s life • He was born in 70 BC and died in 19 BC • Born in a farming village of Andes (northern Italy) • He was not considered a citizen of Rome until 49 BC. • His full name is PubliusVirgiliusMaro • Suffered from bad health throughout life • Virgil and his father were nearly displaced from their land after Caesar's assassination in 44 B.C.E., when Octavian, Caesar's adopted son and sole heir, confiscated much of the land in the territory in order to reward army veterans.

9. More of Virgil's life • Schoolmates considered Virgil extremely shy and reserved, according to Servius, and he was nicknamed "Parthenias" or "maiden“ • Virgil went to school at Cremona and Milan, and then went to Rome, where he studied mathematics, medicine and rhetoric, and completed his studies in Naples. • Virgil became a member of the emperor Augustus’ court circle

10. Virgil's Father • His father was a wealthy landowner so he could afford to send son to school • Briefly considered career in rhetoric and law • Turned to poetry instead • Virgil's father was a poor cobbler to start out with • His father married well and then improved his own standing by saving and buying land to start a farm. • He had higher ambitions for his clearly intellectually-inclined son

11. Virgil’s poems • Classical Roman poet • Greatest works were the Eclouges, the Georgics, and the Aeneid • The Eclouges- 10 book poem w/ varying topics • The Georgics- 4 book poem about farming • The Aeneid- 12 book epic, about Trojan hero's return to Italy and battles faced. Finest and last work.

12. Virgil’s poems • He wrote epic poetry, didactic poetry, and pastoral poetry • Virgil's epic was one of the bases for Dante Alighieri 's masterwork, The Divine Comedy • His works continue to be studied as part of Latin curriculum in schools and Universities • Virgil's poetic career had began when he was still a student, but his surviving early poems have no special merits.

13. Virgil’s death • He want to Greece to order the destruction of the Aeneid but on his way back he stopped in a town named Megara and Started getting sick. • When he came back to Italy on a ship he weakened with disease and died Sep 21,19 BC near Brundisium harbor • Died of fever • On deathbed, ordered for Aeneid to be destroyed but the Aeneid was published against his final wishes A bust of him near his tomb in Naples valley

14. The End Hope you enjoyed our presentation.