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Informal Reasoning

Informal Reasoning. Fallacies. Ad Ignorantiam : Something is true on the grounds that there is no evidence to disprove it. . The Communist witch hunt in the 1960’s “ There is nothing in his files to say he is not a communist” Senator Joe McCarthy. Post hoc ergo propter hoc.

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Informal Reasoning

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  1. Informal Reasoning

  2. Fallacies

  3. Ad Ignorantiam: Something is true on the grounds that there is no evidence to disprove it. • The Communist witch hunt in the 1960’s • “ There is nothing in his files to say he is not a communist” • Senator Joe McCarthy

  4. Post hoc ergo propter hoc • A follows B then B must be the cause of A • Murder rate goes up after the abolition of capital punishment, therefore can we say that capital punishment is an effective deterrent • It could be the case but we need more evidence

  5. Smoking causes causes

  6. Explain this • As the number of churches in American cities increase so does the number of prostitutes!!!

  7. Ad hominem • You attack the supporters of an argument • You may have a vested interest in something but that does not mean you cannot be fair.

  8. Circular reasoning • Assuming the truth in something you are supposed to be proving • Page 126 in book

  9. False Dilemma • Assuming there are only 2 ways of solving something when there are other options • Binary thinking • Pro life/ pro choice

  10. Loaded Question • Do you always cheat in exams

  11. Fallacies

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