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PTT 444 TECHNOLOGIST IN SOCIETY

PTT 444 TECHNOLOGIST IN SOCIETY. Knowledge Sincerity Excellence. RISK MANAGEMENT. It is a combination of incident, probability and consequences. Risk - a combination of the probability that a particular outcome will occur and the severity of the harm involved.

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PTT 444 TECHNOLOGIST IN SOCIETY

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  1. PTT 444 TECHNOLOGIST IN SOCIETY • Knowledge Sincerity Excellence

  2. RISK MANAGEMENT

  3. It is a combination of incident, probability and consequences Risk - a combination of the probability that a particular outcome will occur and the severity of the harm involved. (Risiko - Kombinasikemungkinan berlakunyakejadianberbahaya/ kemalangandankesanakibatnya) • A measure of economic loss or human injury in terms of both the accident likelihood and magnitude (consequence) of loss or injury • Chance or probability of danger, loss or injury occuring

  4. Danger – expresses the relative exposure to hazard. A hazard may presence, but there may be little danger because of the precaution taken.

  5. to CONTROL the RISK? • Eliminating the hazard, if possible • Minimizing, if possible • Controlling the hazard

  6. Identifying types of HAZARDS and Various Route of Entry

  7. Identify the HAZARDS

  8. Types of HAZARDS

  9. PHYSICAL HAZARDS

  10. Types of HAZARDS - categories Physical Hazards eg height, force, noise, vibration, lighting, etc - route -> tissue damage, hearing loss, manual handling, ergonomic, traffic hazards, collapse, falling objects

  11. a. Manual Handling • The lifting and carrying of loads is a big problem in every industry. It has contributed about 25% of all work-related injuries • • Factors: • Carryingheavingmaterials > 25kg • The inddividual (Age, gender, training, experinces, previousinjury) • The overalloperation PHYSICAL HAZARDS

  12. b. Work Related Upper Limb Disorder • WRULD is caused by repetitive movements diseases associated • Neck disorder • Shoulder disorder • Thoracic Outlet Syndrome -Elbow disorder • Writs and hand lesions • (localized area of disease or injured tissue) PHYSICAL HAZARDS

  13. Work Related Upper Limb Disorder • Factors associated with the development of WRULD • Jobs are dictated by machine rather than personnel • Length of work period without rest breaks, lack of training and inadequate supervision • (illness due to the interaction of • the mind and the body) PHYSICAL HAZARDS • Poor awareness by managers and employees • Lack of management to detect problems • Poor ergonomic job design • Lack of training to control WRULD

  14. c. Noise • It can cause hearing loss • Factors influencing hearing loss PHYSICAL HAZARDS

  15. Sound Level in dB (A) Sources Harmfull 140 Jet Engine 130 Riveting Hammer Critical 120 Propeller Aircraft 110 Rock Drill 100 Typical outdoor construction, plate fabrication noise 90 Heavy Vehicle Safe 80 Pile drivers, power lawn mower, very busy traffic 70 Private car 60 Air compressor and concrete mixers 50 Conversation (at 1 m) 40 Average business office 30 Quite Whisper PHYSICAL HAZARDS

  16. How to control noise hazard? PHYSICAL HAZARDS

  17. d. Vibration PHYSICAL HAZARDS

  18. PHYSICAL HAZARDS - examples PSYCOLOGICAL OCCUPATIONAL STRESS; • Electronics assembly worker – • Eye problems from doing close work, especially in poor light • Long periods with inadequate seating, can suffer from back and other musculoskeletal problems. • Solder fumes or solder “flecks” in the eye when the excess solder is cut off with pliers. Source: International Labor Organization (ILO)

  19. CHEMICAL HAZARDS

  20. Types of HAZARDS - categories ii. Chemical Hazards eg. Gas, Liquid, Vapor, Fumes, Mist, Dust, Asbestos, Lead -route -> Inhalation, skin contact with chemical, ingestion of chemical, injection

  21. Routes of Entry of Toxic Agents • Respiratory • Skin and eye contact • Mouth (Ingestion) • Injection CHEMICAL HAZARDS

  22. CHEMICAL HAZARDS

  23. Types of Effect Strong acid, flammable, corrosive, explosive (immediately damage tissue, explode) Hazards producing cancer, organ failure, respiratory issue CHEMICAL HAZARDS

  24. Factors Affecting Toxic Effect • Angina (Heart Disease) Æ cannot tolerate carbon monoxide • Emphysema (lung ailment) CHEMICAL HAZARDS

  25. Construction Materials Causing Occupational Diseases DISEASE Skin Respiratory Tract Lungs Eyes Nervous System Construction Material Form Oils Irritation Irritation Cement (Chromium) Lesions, Eczema, Burns Insulation Mineral wool Irritation Glass wool Irritation Isocyanate Damage Damage Asthma Asphalt Irritation, Burns Bronchitis, Increased risk of cancer Caulking and Sealants Polyacrylate Irritation Irritation Methyl ethyl ketone Irritation Irritation Methyl isobutyl ketone Irritation Irritation Isocyanate Eczema Asthma Adhesive Acrylic monomers Irritation Irritation Toluene Irritation Irritation Damage Xylene Irritation Irritation Damage Isocyanate Discomfort Epoxy Resin Irritation Polyamine Irritation Plasters, Drywall, Putties Irritation Irritation

  26. Construction Materials Causing Occupational Diseases Asbestos • It can cause lung cancer • The disease develops 20-40 years after exposure • Problems with asbestos in construction - Many construction contracts are being awarded without the contractors being informed of the presence of asbestos materials CHEMICAL HAZARDS

  27. CHEMICAL Hazard …..cont - Identification Hazards related materials - WorkplaceHazardousMaterial Information System (WHMIS) (Canada’s National WorkplaceHazard Communication Std) The key elements of the system are cautionary labelling of containers of WHMIS "controlled products", the provision of Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs)and worker education and training programs

  28. Material Safety Data Sheets - MSDS A form with data regarding the detailed properties of a particular hazardous material An important component of product stewardship and workplace safety, it is intended to provide workers and emergency personnel with procedures for handling or working with that substance in a safe manner

  29. What is an MSDS? • A Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) provides detailed information about a specific hazardous material. An MSDS contains the following information: • Identity (name of substance) • Physical Hazards (target organ) - Health Hazards - Routes of Body Entry • Permissible Exposure Limits (PEL) • Carcinogenic Factors (cancer causing) - Safe-Handling Procedures

  30. What is an MSDS? - Data of Sheet Preparation • Control Measures (personal protective equipment) • Emergency First Aid Procedures (emergency telephone number) - Contact Information (for the preparer of the sheet) - Special Instructions

  31. Sample

  32. Sample MSDS Page - Nitric Acid, 70% • This is a sample page from the MSDS for Nitric Acid, 70 percent. The product is made by the ABC Rubber Company, Science Products Division, P.O. Box M, Altonia, Illinois 40361. Effective date is 8- 21-85.

  33. Sample MSDS Page - Nitric Acid, 70% Product identification, synonyms, other names for nitric acid are: aqua fortis, azotic acid, nitric acid 70 percent. Formula CAS Number 7697-37-2. Molecular weight 63.00. Hazardous ingredients, not applicable. Chemical formula, HNO3. Precautionary measures, danger, strong oxidizer, contact with other materials may cause fire. Causes sever burns, may be fatal if swallowed. Harmful if inhaled. Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing. Avoid breathing mist, use only with adequate ventilation. Wash thoroughly after handling. Do not store near combustible materials. Store in a tightly closed container. Remove and wash contaminated clothing properly.

  34. When Do You Use an MSDS? • You should use an MSDS whenever you need additional information about a hazardous material that is not included on the product label. • For example, you have spilled nitric acid on the floor, and you need to know how to clean it up safely. You need only refer to the "Safe-Handling Procedures" section of the nitric acid MSDS.

  35. Safe-Handling Procedures Section - Nitric Acid, 70% Sample Isolate or enclose the area of the leak or spill. Clean-up personnel should wear protective clothing and respiratory equipment suitable for toxic or corrosive fluids or vapors. For small spills: Flush with water, and neutralize with alkaline material (soda ash, lime, et cetera). Sewer with excess water. For larger spills and lot sizes: Neutralize with alkaline, pick up with absorbent material (sand, earth, vermiculite) and dispose in a RCRA approved waste facility or sewer the neutralized slurry with excess water if local ordinances allow. Provide forced ventilation to dissipate fumes. Reportable Quantity (RQ) (CWA/CERCLA): 1000 pounds Insure compliance with local, state and federal regulations.

  36. When Do You Use an MSDS? • Some chemicals, such as sodium hydroxide, are very dangerous. If you have an accident, you may not have time to look up the information you need in an MSDS. • You should read the MSDSs for the hazardous materials present in your work area before you work with them.

  37. Types of HAZARDS - categories • Physical Hazards • Chemical Hazards • iii. Biological Hazards – living organism or once-living organism eg. Fungi, Bacteria, Viruses • iv. Electrical Hazards • v. Radiation Hazards • vi. Psychological Hazards

  38. Types of HAZARDS - categories • Physical Hazards • Chemical Hazards • iii. Biological Hazards • iv. Electrical Hazards eg current, voltage, sparks • - route -> direct electrocution, contact with overhead or underground cables • v. Radiation Hazards • vi. Psychological Hazards

  39. Types of HAZARDS - categories • Physical Hazards • Chemical Hazards • iii. Biological Hazards • iv. Electrical Hazards • Radiation Hazards eg. UV light, lasers etc • - route -> skin contact, eye contact • vi. Psychological Hazards

  40. Ultraviolet • UV can damage eyes and skin - Skin cancer - Skin burn - Eye discomfort • Where is the exposure of this hazard? - Outdoor job - Welding - Work using high intensity lamp • How to reduce the hazard? - Sun block - UV Protection Sunglasses - Blue color costume

  41. Types of HAZARDS - categories • Physical Hazards • Chemical Hazards • iii. Biological Hazards • iv. Electrical Hazards • Radiation Hazards • vi. Psychological Hazards eg. workplace, space, organizational culture, stress

  42. Occupational Stress • Three types of occupational stress - Physical - Mental - Emotional PSYCHOLOGICAL HAZARDS

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