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What is Geography?

What is Geography?. AP Human Geography. Geography is…. The scientific study of the location of people and activities across the Earth, and the reasons for their distribution. . History vs. Geography. Historians organize material by time

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What is Geography?

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  1. What is Geography? AP Human Geography

  2. Geography is… • The scientific study of the location of people and activities across the Earth, and the reasons for their distribution.

  3. History vs. Geography • Historians organize material by time • Something that happens at one point in time can impact something that happens at a later time. • Geographers organize material by place • Something that happens in one place can impact another place.

  4. Geographers answer this question… • Why is whatwhere? • Huh?

  5. What is what? • What can be anything…. • People (racial, ethnic groups) • Places (cities, fast food restaurants) • Objects (tall buildings) • Natural phenomena (hurricanes, volcanoes) • Beliefs (religion, political) • Systems/ institutions

  6. What is where? • Where is any area or point on the Earth’s surface, large or small. • Africa • Southwest Asia • Canada • Paris • Southside of Chicago • 95th and Michigan • 9652 S. Michigan Ave. • Harlan Room 207 : )

  7. Why + What + Where • Why are tall buildings (what) located in downtown Chicago (where)?

  8. Why + What + Where • Why do people in certain parts of Canada (where) speak French (what)?

  9. Why + What + Where • Why are fast food restaurants (what) more common that grocery stores on the Westside of Chicago (where)?

  10. Why + What + Where • Why are most major cities (what) located near bodies of water (where)?

  11. Why + What + Where • Why are corporations and financial institutions (what) located in big cities (where)?

  12. This week… • We will begin to examine how human geographers think about the world. • Key Issue: How do geographers describe where things are?

  13. What is Geography? Pt. 2

  14. Branches of Geography Physical Human Studies the interaction between people and the natural features of the Earth. Farming, cities, culture, migration patterns, habitat, political boundaries. • Studies the physical/ natural features of the Earth. • Mountains, rivers, tectonic plates, oceans, volcanoes, natural resources.

  15. 5 Themes of Geography • Used to help us understand the links between people and the Earth. • M ovement • R egion • L ocation • I nteraction • P lace • Remember MR. LIP!

  16. Movement • Examines the movement of people, goods, and ideas. • Movements often occur together. • How did Christianity end up in America? • Why do Mexicans speak Spanish? • Why is Polish sausage popular in Chicago?

  17. Region • An area with similar and unifying characteristics. • Similarities may be physical (ie Rocky mts.) • Similarities may be cultural, political, or economic (ie the Muslim world) • What are some regional characteristics of the Midwest U.S.?

  18. Location • The position of a place on the Earth’s surface. • Can be relative (Harlan is in Chicago) or exact (Harlan is located at 9652 S. Michigan Ave.) • How else could you describe the relative location of Harlan?

  19. Interaction • Studies the relationship between people and their environment. • How to people use the Earth’s resources to satisfy their needs? • Water for irrigation, land for farming, trees to build houses, oil as fuel. • What are potential negative outcomes to human interaction with the Earth?

  20. Place • The physical and human characteristics of a location. • Describe Chicago…

  21. Parts of a Map • Compass Rose- shows direction on a map. • Scale- shows what a distance on a map is actually equal to on Earth. • Key- tells us what the map symbols mean.

  22. Lines of Latitude • Lines of latitude run EAST-WEST across a map. • They measure distance NORTH or SOUTH of the Equator, which is 0 degrees latitude.

  23. Lines of Longitude • Lines of Longitude run from the NORTH pole to the SOUTH pole. • They measure distance EAST or WEST of the Prime Meridian, which is 0 degrees longitude.

  24. Latitude and Longitude

  25. Different Types of Maps • Physical Maps • Show features such as mountains, plains, rivers and oceans. • Focus is on natural features…not cities, countries, and borders.

  26. Different Types of Maps • Political Maps • The focus is on cities, countries, states, and borders.

  27. Different Types of Maps Thematic Maps • These maps focus on themes such as population density or weather, for example.

  28. Different Types of Maps • Historical Maps • Shows how a certain area has changed over time. • Shows what a certain area used to look like.

  29. Different Types of Maps • The Globe • A globe is the most accurate representation of the Earth because it is round like the Earth. • A globe shows us the truest sizes of land and bodies of water.

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