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Ship the Chip Sort It Out Pulleys and Force

TISP: Uruguay 9–10 May 2009 User Handout Day 1. Ship the Chip Sort It Out Pulleys and Force . Christopher Lester Yvonne Pelham Moshe Kam D.G. Gorham. Exercise 1: Ship The Chip. Package design and the engineering behind shipping products safely. Ship the Chip.

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Ship the Chip Sort It Out Pulleys and Force

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  1. TISP: Uruguay9–10 May 2009 User Handout Day 1 Ship the ChipSort It OutPulleys and Force Christopher Lester Yvonne Pelham Moshe Kam D.G. Gorham

  2. Exercise 1: Ship The Chip Package design and the engineering behind shipping products safely

  3. Ship the Chip Design a package that will securely hold a potato chip and protect it from breaking when dropped Construct the lightest package to get the highest score Overall score based on: Weight of the package Volume of the package Intactness Score The Challenge

  4. Ship the Chip Sketch a design on the worksheet Label your worksheet with Table # and Team Name Construct a model of your package At a test station, drop the package from a height of 1.5 meters Open your package and examine the chip Calculate and record your score Using a second kit, redesign and construct a new package Record the second design on the worksheet Label your package with Table # and Team Name Submit your worksheet and package to the Test Team for overnight testing Procedure

  5. Ship the Chip Cardboard – 22 cm x 28 cm 10 Craft sticks 6 Cotton Balls String – 91 cm Plastic wrap – 1 sheet of 22 cm x 28 cm 10 Toothpicks Foil – 1 sheet of 22 cm x 28 cm Paper – 1 sheet of 22 cm x 28 cm 1 Mailing label 1 Potato Chip Materials

  6. Ship the Chip Scissors Pencils/Pens Rulers Digital Scale Marking pen Calculator Clear Adhesive Tape Masking Tape Tools and Accessories

  7. Ship the Chip Scoring Intactness score : • 100: like new, perfect • 50 : slightly damaged; cracked but still in one piece • 25 : broken in 2 - 5 pieces • 5 : broken in 6-20 pieces • 1 : broken into more than 20 pieces; crumbled

  8. Ship the Chip We will imbed the package in the smallest-volume rectangular prism that contains it We will calculate the volume of the prism; Width x Length x Height For example : 3cm x 4cm x12cm =144 cm3 in the prism shown below If your package weighed 100g and had a volume of 800 cm3 and the chip has arrived broken in 3 pieces: Calculating Volume

  9. Exercise 2: Sort It Out! The engineering behind industrial sorting processes

  10. Sort It Out Your Turn • Groups of 2 • You are a team of engineers hired by a bank to develop a machine to sort coins that are brought in by customers. • Must mechanically sort mixed coins into separate containers. • In our experiment we use washers: • ½ Inch • 1 Inch • 1¼ Inch • 1½ Inch

  11. Sort It Out How good is it? 1: “Distance” performance index: A washer that does not get sorted has maximum Derror = 3 Your Turn ½in 1in 1¼in 1½in ½ 1½ 1 1¼ 1 ½ 1¼ ½ 1 1¼ ½ 1½ 1 1 1¼ ½ 1¼ 1½ 1 1½ 1 Distance from correct binhere, Derror = 2 bins

  12. Sort It Out How good is it? 2: “Percentage” performance index: Your Turn ½in 1in 1¼in 1½in ½ 1½ 1 1¼ 1 ½ 1¼ ½ 1 1¼ ½ 1½ 1 1 1¼ ½ 1¼ 1½ 1 1½ 1 # of washers incorrectly identified 5% Total # of washers to sort 40

  13. Sort It Out Your Turn • Materials: • glue, tape, paper or plastic plates, cardboard, scissors or hole punch, foil, paper, cardboard tubes • washers • Design (draw) a mechanical sorter that can separate the ½in, 1in, 1¼in, 1½in washers • Input: either • Parallel – all washers are inserted at start of your sorter together; or • Serial – washers are inserted at start of your sorter one at a time • Output: Each size of washer in its own physical container

  14. Sort It Out At your table, choose 2 groups to build a parallel sorter; the other 2 groups will build a serial sorter You will have 45 seconds to allow your sorter to operate Predict the value of the two performance indices for your design Construct your sorting mechanism Test it! Can you do better? Your Turn

  15. Exercise 3: Pulleys & Force All about force and how pulleys can help reduce it

  16. Pulleys & Force Basics of Pulleys: Two orientations Fixed Pulley Movable Pulley

  17. Pulleys & Force Mechanical Advantage • Mechanical Advantage (MA) isthe factor by which a mechanism multiplies the force or torque put into it. • Ideal MA: • Actual MA: This movable pulley system has a mechanical advantage of 2

  18. Pulleys & Force Work • Work is the amount of energy transferred by a force acting through a distance • Work = Force x DistanceWork = Force xDistance • A bigger mechanical advantage decreases the force required, but increases the distance over which it must be applied • The total amount of work required to move the load stays the same

  19. Pulleys & Force Efficiency • The ratio between Actual and Ideal mechanical advantage is Efficiency • Frictionless system = 100% Efficiency

  20. Pulleys & Force Measuring Tension • Spring Scale • Calibrate: Hold spring scale at eye-level and turn adjustment screw until the internal indicator is precisely aligned with the top zero line • Measure: Create a loop in the end of the rope you want to measure tension in; attach spring scale to loop. Hold the spring scale steady and read off the tension measurement.

  21. Pulleys & Force Your Turn • Groups of 2 • Develop 2 systems to lift a filled soda bottle 10cm with • 1 pulley • 2 pulleys • Build your systems • Measure the distance the soda bottle moves and compare it to the distance you had to pull • What is the actual mechanical advantage? • Measure the force you must exert on the string and compare it to the force that is finally transmitted to the soda bottle • What is the ideal mechanical advantage? • Calculate the efficiency of each system

  22. Pulleys & Force Your Turn • Now join with one other group at your table • Develop 2 different systems to lift a filled soda bottle 10cm with all 4 pulleys • Build both systems • What are their actual mechanical advantages? Ideal? • Which one has a better efficiency? Why do think that is?

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