MARTENSEN – DE – Session 4 – 1221

1. The Cell Controller Pilot Project (CCPP):From Surviving System Black-Outto Market Support • Energinet.dk • Spirae Inc • Energynautics GmbH • SE MARTENSEN – DE – Session 4 – 1221

2. CCPP: Background • Blackout experience due to transmission system failure • Large amount of Distributed Energy Resources in Denmark • Further increasing share of renewable energy sources in the future MARTENSEN – DE – Session 4 – 1221

3. CCPP: Objectives • Surviving transmission system black-out by safely transitioning into island operation • TSO support: Virtual Power Plants for active and reactive power independently • DNO Support: Advanced voltage control • Platform for market aggregators of distributed generation resources MARTENSEN – DE – Session 4 – 1221

4. CCPP: The Pilot Cell • 60 kV grid cell below one 150/60 kV transformer • 13 each 60/10 kV substations with tap changer controlled transformers • 5 CHP plants / 15 synchronous generators, total installed capacity of 32.5 MW • 47 Danish-style wind turbines, total installed capacity of 37 MW • Rural area, villages and small cities (>1000 km²) MARTENSEN – DE – Session 4 – 1221

5. CCPP: Project Status • Started in 2005 • Field Tests with reduced-sized Cell in 2008 • Grid-connected and island functions • Field tests using the entire Cell in 2010 • Grid-connected functions • Final field tests using the entire Cell in 2011 • Grid-connected and island functions MARTENSEN – DE – Session 4 – 1221

6. CC Functions: Market Operations • To be used by Power Balance Authorities • Group and dispatch of CHPs or Wind Turbines • Multiple Markets: • Day-ahead scheduling • Merit order dispatch based on price information • Up-regulation and down-regulation • Automatic dispatch validation against power system/component limits MARTENSEN – DE – Session 4 – 1221

7. CC Functions: DNO Voltage Control • Conventional distribution systems use only transformer tap changers for voltage control. • The Cell Controller uses reactive power setpoints of distributed energy resources first, where available. • Reduced wear on tap changers • Smoother voltage for consumers and generators MARTENSEN – DE – Session 4 – 1221

8. CC Functions: TSO Virtual Power Plants • Controlled load flow at single point of connection • Active Power VPP • Automatic asset dispatch to meet setpoint • Disables Market Operations • Reactive Power VPP • Uses assets dispatched by other means • Reduces voltage control to tap changer control • Consideration of local system/component limits MARTENSEN – DE – Session 4 – 1221

9. CC Functions: Emergency Island • Based on receipt of external trigger signal • Balance load and generation • Load/generation shedding if necessary • Open the Cell circuit breaker (within <5 seconds) • Automatic voltage & frequency control in island • Automatic load restoration • Resynchronization MARTENSEN – DE – Session 4 – 1221

10. Field Tests 2010: DNO Voltage Control MARTENSEN – DE – Session 4 – 1221

11. Field Tests 2010: Reactive Power VPP MARTENSEN – DE – Session 4 – 1221

12. Field Tests 2010: Active Power VPP MARTENSEN – DE – Session 4 – 1221

13. Conclusions • All originally envisioned functions implemented and tested in simulations and in the field • Grid-connected functions working in 2010 • Minor improvements for 2011 • Grid-connected functions comprehensively field tested in May 2011 with success • Island functions to be field tested in June 2011 MARTENSEN – DE – Session 4 – 1221

14. Outlook • Cell Controller Pilot Project is concluded with final field tests 2011. • Possible further deployment of the Cell Controller system on the island of Bornholm • Future distribution systems will provide further/improved distributed control resources that can be utilized by the Cell Controller. MARTENSEN – DE – Session 4 – 1221