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Do Now:

Do Now: . 1. Where do most earthquakes and volcanoes occur? 2. Please list the three types of plate boundaries— 3. Which type of plate movement (plate boundary) produces mountains? Explain why. Announcements. Quiz tomorrow! Test Friday! Checklist Friday!. Notes 10: Mountain Building .

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Do Now:

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  1. Do Now: 1. Where do most earthquakes and volcanoes occur? 2. Please list the three types of plate boundaries— 3. Which type of plate movement (plate boundary) produces mountains? Explain why.

  2. Announcements • Quiz tomorrow! • Test Friday! • Checklist Friday!

  3. Notes 10: Mountain Building

  4. Intro to mountain building • Oro = mountain • genesis = to build • Orogenesis = building mountains!

  5. Mountains form because of plate tectonics! • There are 2 different types of mountain formation

  6. Fault-block mountains • Occur at faults! • Fault = fracture in the earth’s crust where movement has happened • Example: San Andreas fault in California

  7. Fault-block mountains • Hanging wall = rock surface above the fault • Normal fault= hanging wall moves down. This makes the crust get longer. • http://geology1a-1.wikispaces.com/file/view/NormalFault.gif/90969209/NormalFault.gif

  8. Fault-block mountains • Form along big normal faults! • Hanging wall moves down, the crust is pushed up - making a mountain! • Example: Teton Range in Wyoming, Sierra Nevada in California • http://geology1a-1.wikispaces.com/file/view/NormalFault.gif/90969209/NormalFault.gif

  9. Think Box! • What is a fault? • What is a normal fault? • How do mountains form? • What are some examples of fault-block ranges?

  10. Folded mountains • Folded mountains occur at convergent boundaries! • Most common type of mountain

  11. Folded mountains • Some background: • Stress = force acting on a rock. When stress is big enough, deforms rocks (change shape)

  12. Folded mountains • Tensional stress = pushing out (gets bigger) • http://earthquake.usgs.gov/learn/glossary/?term=tensional%20stress

  13. Compressional stress = pushing in (gets smaller)

  14. Shear stress = distorting (changes shape)

  15. Folded mountains • Compressional stress can lead to folding • Folds = wavelike ripples (like folding a sheet of paper)

  16. Folded mountains • 3 main types of folds: • Anticlines = folding up • Synclines = folding down, troughs • Monoclines = large steps

  17. Folded mountains • When 2 tectonic plates collide, the compressional stress forces the crust to fold up (anticlines) forming mountains! • Examples: Appalachian mountains, Rocky mountains, Alps, Himalayas

  18. Video Questions • Describe the Earth forces that are responsible for mountain building in this part of Alaska. • How do we know that the coastal range in Alaska is tectonically active? • What do mountain growth, creation of ocean trenches, and volcanoes have in common? Where are these processes taking place on the planet? Is there a pattern? • Why do you think that there still are measurable residual movements from the 1964 Earthquake?

  19. Exit Ticket • What is compressional stress? • What is an anticline? • Which type of mountains are the most common?

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