Chapter 1—The Sociological Point of View

1. Chapter 1—The Sociological Point of View

2. Objectives and Agenda-1/31 • OBJECTIVES— • Review classroom procedures • Review and list Perspectives • AGENDA • Warm Up—using the three perspectives, explain the existence of terrorism • Review of rules • Review of perspectives • Components of Culture— • Block 1 and 2—computer work • Block 4—worksheets • Homework—study for test

3. Who is Mr. George? • My Favorite music and video: song • Pictures: • Movies: I cry every time I watch this scene • Movie scene • Concerts I have seen: AC/DC, ZZ Top, Bob Seager, KISS, • What do you want to know???????

4. What is Sociology??? • Sociology—social science that studies society and social behavior—Social interaction and social phenomena (observable facts or events) • What would you do? • anti-bullyingl

5. Class work: • 1. Research in the book the Sociologist you were assigned. • 2. On the paper you were given, write a word or phrase that describes their point of view.

6. 1. Free write anything that comes to your mind on the below picture. 3 minutes2. Describe any possible changes in society as a result.—2 minutes 3. Describe the change in events using ONE sociologist

7. Original Sociologists • Auguste Comte—(1798-1857) One of first and coined term Sociologist—Causes of French Revolution—Social order vs. social change— • Social dynamics—change through series of definite processes.—mostly refuted but order and change still discussed. • Herbert Spencer-- 1820-1903—Influenced by Darwin—biological view of society—independent parts that work together to maintain the system.—social change and unrest natural in evolution—best parts of society would survive. (Social Darwinism) • Karl Marx—(1818-1883)—Social structure influenced by economy. Bourgeoisie (capitalist) and proletariat (workers)—imbalance would lead to conflict and classless society.

8. Emile Durkheim—(1858-1917)—first university sociology course—first to apply sociology to study of society—concerned with social order. Individual parts BUT parts had functions. Functions—consequence that an element of society produces for the maintenance of its social system. (religion and functionalist view)—institutions.—observable phenomenon—suicide—first sociological study • Max Weber—1864-1920—separate groups in society instead of society as a whole. Effects of society on the whole—Feelings and thoughts, not just observable. Verstehen—understand meanings, not actions. Ideal Type—essential characteristics of a feature of society.

9. 911 video • Anthropology—study of past and present cultures—simple cultures—sociology is complicated cultures (group behavior) • Psychology—behavior and thinking of organisms—individual behavior (natural sciences)—social psychology—how environment affects behavior

10. Social sciences • Economics—choices people make in effort to satisfy needs and wants • Political science—organization and operation of governments • History—study of past events • Economics—choices people make in effort to satisfy needs and wants • Political science—organization and operation of governments

11. Introduction to perspectives • Sociological perspective—look into the hidden meanings behind human actions • social beings • understand conflict • view your own life in whole social and historical context • Sociological imagination—C.Wright Mills—ability to see connection between the larger world and your personal life

12. Three types of Perspectives • Functionalist Perspective—set of interrelated parts that work together to produce a stable social system. view in terms of function in society—Ex—family and education • Dysfunctional—negative consequence crime, • Manifest function—intended consequence of function • Latent function—unintended consequence. • Conflict perspective—focus on the forces that promote competition and change—power men and women—ages—races—competition over scarce resources—power leads to rules leads to social change—social change inevitable. • Interactionalist perspective—how individuals interact with one another—how do people respond to everyday situations—meaning people attach to their actions. Symbols, gestures, words—salute

13. Which Perspective?

14. Which Perspective?

15. Which Perspective

16. 1.05 Differentiate among the various sociological research methods • 1. The Historical Method—Examining any materials from the past that contain information of sociological interest. Toys, clothes, pictures, tools, furniture. Usually written documents • Learn about events • Study trends • Private feelings

17. 2. Content Analysis—counting the times a word, phrase, idea, event, symbol or other element appears • Recorded communications • Television, radio, sound recordings, movies, photographs, art, newspapers, magazines, books • Easy and inexpensive • Simplified evaluation of data collection.

18. 3. The Survey Method----collect data on attitudes and opinions from large numbers of people—questionnaires and interviews • List of questions—in person or mail • Collect from large number of people in short time • Disadvantages—interpretations?

19. 4. Observation—observe behavior of individuals in actual social settings • Detached observation—observe situation from distance—may miss details • Participant observation—directly involved in the situation under investigation—anonymous or known—subjects usually act naturally.

20. Daily quiz questions • 1. The Sociologist which believed in a biological analysis of society and the “survival of the fittest” theory was • A. Karl Marx • B. Auguste Comte • C. Emile Durkheim • D. Herbert Spencer • E. Max Weber

21. Daily Quiz • 2. The study of human society and social behavior is • A. Sociology • B. Psychology • C. History • D. Political Science • E. Anthropology

22. 3. Choose one Sociologists and discuss how he believed societies maintain control and develop.