Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis An example from a study about psychological interventions in general pract

1. Annette Sofie Davidsen InterpretativePhenomenologicalAnalysisAn example from a studyaboutpsychological interventions in general practice Nordic Congressof general practice Copenhagen 2009

2. Study • Topic: GPs’ way of carrying out psychological interventions • Aim: approach to emotional problems • Talkingtherapy: a special Danish service • Data material: 14 interviews + observation in 4 practices Annette Sofie Davidsen

3. Analyticapproaches • Phenomenological approach (Georgi 1985, Malterud 2003) • Complexprocesses of understandings → interactionist approach (Järvinen & Mik-Meyer 2005) • InterpretativePhenomenologicalAnalysis (IPA) integrateshermeneutic-phenomenologicalthoughtwithinteractionistideas(Smith 1996) Annette Sofie Davidsen

4. Analyticprocess • Startedduring the interview • Meaninginterpreted in the interaction • Interview materialconstructed in an interpersonaldialogue • Preliminaryanalysisduring the transcription • Stepwiserecruitingsupported by analysis Annette Sofie Davidsen

5. IPA • Theoreticalroots: Smith 1996 • Schematizeddescription: Smith et al. 1999; Smith & Osborn 2003 • Norecipe • Dynamic approach • Doubblehermeneutic approach • In debt to symbolicinteractionism: Smith 1996 Annette Sofie Davidsen

6. Analyticprocess • Read text several times • Initial notes in left margin • Emerging themes in right margin • List of themes for each case • Connections between themes • Clustering themes, identifying superordinate themes • Compiling directories of participants’ phrases • Same procedure with each case • Master list of themes for all cases Annette Sofie Davidsen

7. Analysis of observations • Field notes transformed to expandedtext • Method for analysislessstructured • In line with the thoughtbehind the analysis of interviews – and the IPA • Focuson • Verbatimdialogues • Non-verbalinteractions • Structural and environmentalconditions Annette Sofie Davidsen

8. Superordinatethemes • Mentalization • Methodsused in psychological interventions • Time and structure Annette Sofie Davidsen

9. Interactionism • Link to symbolicinteractionism • Howmeaningsareconstructed in • Social world • Personalworld • Meaningconstitutedsituationally • Complexity sensitive ways of thinking Annette Sofie Davidsen

10. IPA in an interactionistcontext • Represents a complexity sensitive way of thinking • Manageable procedure withoutrecipe • Consistentwith general way of thinking in qualitative research • Balance betweenstructure and creativity Annette Sofie Davidsen

11. Annette Sofie Davidsen

12. Presentation • Fourarticles in PhDthesis – basedonmainthemes • Davidsen A. Experiences of carrying out talking therapy in general practice: A qualitative interview study. Patient Education and Counseling 2008 Aug;72(2):268-75. • Davidsen A. How does the general practitioner understand the patient? A qualitative study about psychological interventions in general practice. Psychology and Psychotherapy-Theory Research and Practice 2009;(82):199-217. • Davidsen A. 'It takes some time to get into the rhythm – and to slow the flow of thought': A qualitative study about experience of time and narrative in psychological interventions in general practice. Health 2009;in press. • Threearticleswrittenafterwards – basedonsubthemes • Davidsen A. Praktiserendelægersopfattelseafsamtalesombehandlingialmenpraksis - en kvalitativinterviewundersøgelse. Tidsskrift for sygeplejeforskning 2008;(3):51-7. • Twoarticles in writingprocess – onebasedontransverseconcept, the othertheoretical Annette Sofie Davidsen