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Other topics in Chapter Bond strength and length, Polarizing Power and Polar Bonds

Other topics in Chapter Bond strength and length, Polarizing Power and Polar Bonds. Electronegativity. Notes for you: . Bond Strength is Measured in (D) The stronger the bond the shorter the bond E.G. A C-C single bond is always weaker and longer than a C-C triple bond.

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Other topics in Chapter Bond strength and length, Polarizing Power and Polar Bonds

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  1. Other topics in Chapter Bond strength and length, Polarizing Power and Polar Bonds

  2. Electronegativity

  3. Notes for you: • Bond Strength is Measured in (D) • The stronger the bond the shorter the bond • E.G. A C-C single bond is always weaker and longer than a C-C triple bond. • Resonance structure bonds are intermediates between the structures. • Bonds are weaker and longer between larger atoms

  4. Bond Strengths and Lengths Place the following molecules or ions in order of increasing bond length for the N-O bond. How does the strength of the bonds compare? NO, NO2 , NO3-, Hints: Draw all lewis structures Decide bond order How does that relate to bond strength?

  5. Notes for you to use on following Problem • Polarizability • Electrons are farther from the nucleus • Nucleus has less pull on far off electrons • Larger electron cloud • More negative charge equals more polarizability • i.e. Br- is more polarizable than Cl-. • Small highly charged cations can polarize atoms easier. • Higher charge= tighter control over electrons • Small= tighter control over electrons. • I.E.: Al3+ can polarize another atom better than Na+ • Covalent Character vs. Ionic Character • Higher polarizing power with higher polarizability yields greater covalent character • I.E. MgI2 has more covalent character than NaCl

  6. Polarizability and polarizing power Arrange the anions N3-, P3-, I- and At- in order of increasing polarizability. Decide which of each pair is more soluble in water? Hint #1: Which is more soluble in water Ionic or Molecular compounds? Hint #2: Which of the pairs have more ionic characters?

  7. Electronegativity and Polar bonds • For each of the Lewis stuctures we did previously, decide which bonds are polar. (We will be using our previous slides and lewis structures)

  8. Lewis Structures: non-octet breaking For each of the Lewis stuctures we did previously, decide which bonds are polar. • CH2O 4e-+1e*2+6=12e- O C H H

  9. Lewis Structures: non-octet breaking For each of the Lewis stuctures we did previously, decide which bonds are polar. • BH3NH3 • 3e+5e+1e*6=14e H H N B H H H H

  10. Lewis Structures: non-octet breaking For each of the Lewis stuctures we did previously, decide which bonds are polar. • N2O • 5e+5e+5e=16e N N O

  11. Lewis Structures: For each of the Lewis stuctures we did previously, decide which bonds are polar. • BH3 H B H H

  12. Lewis Structures: For each of the Lewis stuctures we did previously, decide which bonds are polar. • XeF4 F F Xe F F

  13. Lewis Structures: For each of the Lewis stuctures we did previously, decide which bonds are polar. • ClF4- F F Cl F F

  14. Lewis Structures: For each of the Lewis stuctures we did previously, decide which bonds are polar. +0 O • H2SO4 S +0 +0 O O O H H

  15. Lewis Structures: [HCO2]- For each of the Lewis stuctures we did previously, decide which bonds are polar. +0 -1 O O C +0 C +0 -1 H H O O +0 +0 +0

  16. Lewis Structures: O3 For each of the Lewis stuctures we did previously, decide which bonds are polar. +1 +1 O O O O O O +0 +0 -1 -1

  17. Lewis Structures: [SO3]2- For each of the Lewis stuctures we did previously, decide which bonds are polar. -1 +0 -1 O O O +0 +0 +0 S S S -1 -1 +0 -1 -1 O O O O O O +0

  18. Line Structures: CH3CHCHCOOH For each of the line structures we did previously, decide which bonds are polar. C-C bonds: C-H bonds: C-O bonds: O-H bonds: O OH H3C---CH---CH----COOH

  19. Line Structures: NH2CH2CH(OH)CH3 For each of the line structures we did previously, decide which bonds are polar. C-C bonds: C-H bonds: C-O bonds: O-H bonds: N-H bonds: H2N OH H2N---CH2---CH(OH)----CH3

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