What is happening in this picture?

1. What is happening in this picture?

2. Who were the highwaymen?

3. By the end of today's lesson you should: • Understand the factors that led to the rise and fall of the highwayman • Know how the myth of the highwayman differs from the reality

4. vs. Reality Myth

5. Masked Glamorous Polite Myth Did not use violence Gentlemen Well-dressed

6. Reality

7. Who were the highwaymen?

8. Who were the highwaymen? Read through the extract that you have been given, then complete the answer sheet together. Name of Highwayman/highwaymen (if known) and date of robbery What happened during the robbery? How does this compare to the myth of the highwayman?

12. Hannah Snailes , alias Snailehouse, theft with violence : highway robbery, 23rd February, 1732. 7. Hannah Snailes , alias Snailehouse , was indicted for assaulting Mary Hussey , an Infant of about 4 Years of Age, in an open Field near the Highway, putting her in Fear, and taking from her a Linen Frock, Value 2 s. and a pair of Stays, Value 7 s. 6 d. on the 2d of this Instant February. Elizabeth Hussey . The Prisoner confess'd that she led my Child away, and that 2 other Women took off its Frock and Stays, and that they intended to strip it naked, but somebody came by, and so they were prevented. Sarah Hammond . The Prisoner lived in my Neighbourhood, in Golden-Lane. A Boy told us, that she took the Child away. It was left in Cold-Bath-Field, and somebody took it to Clerkenwell Work-house ; the Child told them where it liv'd, and so it was brought Home. The Prisoner came Home drunk. She was taken up, and sent to Bridewell. I went to her. She confess'd she took off the Frock and Stays in Cold-Bath-Field, and that a Woman came by, or else she had taken off its other Things. the Jury found her guilty of Felony. Stays = Type of corset / underclothes

13. Rowly Turner, David Delly, theft with violence : highway robbery 21st February, 1733. Rowly Turner and David Delly , was indicted; for assaulting Francis Turner , in an open Place near the Highway, putting him in Fear, and taking from him a Pound of Rice, half a Pound of Pranes, two Ounces of Stone Blue, and 19 d. 3 Farthings in Money , June 15. Francis Turner : ‘Near Nine at Night on Thursday about Whitsuntide, as I was going from Paddington, in the first Field beyond Marrybone, I past by some Fellows on the Road, I don't know who they were, for it was a dark missing Night; but one of them said, Cocky, what's a-Clock? I said, about Nine; and suspecting them to be Rogues I run for it. They followed, and one coming close after me swore by God, he wou'd make me remember running; I held up my Stick, upon which another said, Damn him, does he resist? Kill him. Then the first struck at me with a Stick, I warded off 2 or 3 Blows, but at last I was knock'd down and stunned, and got a mighty Cut in my Head. I had some Rice and Prunes, and Stone Blue, in a Paper, which was taken from me, and about 19 Pence all Copper, in my Pocket. I had a Cag of Treacle too, but they did not take that; when I got up they run away. There was 4 or 5 of them in Company.’

14. Had my nap out = woken up Simmonds, Samuel Steele , otherwise Smoaky Jack, theft with violence : highway robbery, 16th January, 1734 William Simmonds , and Samuel Steele , otherwise Smoaky Jack , assaulting William Payton , in an open Field near the Highway, putting him in Fear, and taking from him a Cloth-coat, a half Shirt, a Hat, a Wig, a Knife, a Fork, a Razor, a Silk-handkerchief, a Linen-handkerchief, and 20 d. in Money , July 15. . W. Peyton: ‘… On Saturday Night I was going to Chelsea, in the first of the five Fields, from Buckingham-House, hard by the King's-Head, I saw an old Man lying under a Hay-rick, on that side next to the Horse-road, and as it was near the Houses, and I was benighted, I thought I might safely lie there too; so I went to the other side of the Rick, and laid my self down, and fell asleep. About 1 in the Morning, a little Man (like Simmonds) came and snatch'd my Pocket-book out of my Coat-pocket, I was then awake, for I had just had my Nap out. Aha! says I, What's that for? And catching up my Stick, I follow'd him. He turn'd back, and cut me into the Skull with some Weapon, I thought it was a Pistol. . .’ With that I lifted up my Stick to take him a Knock, when Fidzarappear'd, and Smoaking Jack, I suppose it was he, came behind me, seiz'd my Arm, and took my Stick away, and fell a beating and mauling me. The other, who was like Simmonds, kept pushing me in the Head with the Knife, and said, You Dog, do you resent it? He wounded me so that my Skull might be seen in five Places, and I was almost blinded with the Blood that run down my Face I found my self over power'd, and begg'd for my Life : You Dog, says he with a Knife, speak another Word, and I'll shoot you thro' the Heart, and with that he stabb'd the Knife against my Breast, but the Stroke falling upon the Button of my Coat, I received no hurt by it. They took my Hat and Wig, a C knife, a Fork, a Razor, a half Shirt, and 20 d. in Money, and then they wanted my Coat, which I was very for I had no Waist swore they would have it, or be the the Death of me, and so they went to beating and kicking me again and believe would have kill'd me, but that Fidzar, who was the least of the three begg'd for my Life, and took the Knife from Simmonds, and threw it over into the Horse-road :                               

15. Charles Orchard, theft with violence : highway robbery 16th February, 1737. Charles Orchard , of St. George's Middlesex, was indicted for assaulting Elizabeth Elly , in the King's Highway, putting her in Fear, &c. and taking from her 2 s. 5 d. Oct, 26. Eliz. Elly. On the 26th of October, between 7 and 8 at Night, I went into a Shop over-against the Danes Church in Rag-Fair, for a Halt-penny Candle, and a half-pen'orth of Small Beer. The Prisoner stood in the Shop, and see me take 2 s. 5 d. in Change of a Half-Crown. There was two Fellows in Company with him, but I did not observe them to come near me: The Prisoner follow'd me out of the Shop, with a Trowel in his Hand, and he knock'd me down, and then struck me with his Trowel; one of my Fingers was so chopp'd, that I was obliged to go into the Hospital, and have it cut off. When he had me down, he took away the 2 s. 5 d. I am positive the Prisoner is the Man, for I observ'd him in the Shop, with his Trowel, and there was a Lamp just by the Place where he attack'd me.

16. John Quin, theft with violence : highway robbery 10th October, 1722. John Quin , of St. Martin in the Fields, was indicted for assaulting Rebecca Cater on the Highway, and taking from her a Pocket, value 6d. and 3 s. in Money , on the 4th of October last. Rebecca Cater depos'd, That in Oxendon-Street about 7 at Night (having a Lanthorn in her hand) the Prisoner knock'd her down, snatch'd her Pocket, and run away. Nathaniel Wilson depos'd, that hearing a noise he run out, the Prosecutor said she was rob'd and ruin'd; that he took the Prisoner, who seem'dsurpriz'd and could not answer; that as soon as the Prisoner was brought to the Prosecutor, she cry'd, Ay, this is the Rogue that rob'd me. depos’d = said in a statement Lanthorn = Lantern Pocket = Purse

17. Statement given by Nathan Carringhton about being attacked by a Highwayman 19th June 1730 betwixt 13 & 14 Shillings being all I had aboutme, after which he said I must go along with him, and then he took my Horse by the Head,with his Pistol in his hand, and led him upa Lane that was just by, and thereunder aHedge he dismounted his Horse and Searchedmy Pockets, Boots etc.? and took out of mypocket some Packets, which he swore hadmoney in them, but after having handledthem, and considered some time with himself, and upon my assuring him they were Letters belonging to the King, he returned me thePackets unopened; and after having keptme about 20 minutes, mounted his Horse, asked me if I knew him (but commandedme at the same time not to look in his Face)and what was my name, and then rode off,without taking either my Dispatches, Escutcheonor anything else except my money. And I was informed by the man at theTurnpike onHounslow Heath, that a Coach was just gone by that was robbed at the same place I was, andby the same man, according to their Description.The Highway man at going off shook meby the Hand, and said, that provided I would not tell that I had been Stopp'd & robbed, when--ever I came that way again, if I should meethim, I need only tell him my name, and hewould not stop me any more. Nathan Carrangton I nath. Carrington, one of His Majesty'smessengers, being on Friday the 19th. of June1730, about 10 of ye Clock at night, Dispatchedwith Letters from both the Secretarys of Stateand Mr. Reiche, at Windsor to London, was,betwixt the Hours of 10 &11 the said night,attacked, in a place above a mile beyond - Longford leading to Hounslow Heath, by alittle siz'd Man, who had on a light Drab Coloured Horseman's Coat, the Cape Buttonedabout his face and his Hat Flapped before,his Horse of a dark Bay Coulour, with a Switch Tail, who immediately presented a Pistol to my Breast, and bid me to Standand deliver my money. Whereupon I -answered him, I was the King's Messengerand had nothing but Letters of the King's,and then shewed him my Escutcheon; to -which he replyed, Damn the King's LettersI dont' want them or your Escutcheon oranything else that belongs to the King, but only your Money, and immediatelyput his hand into my Pocket (the Pistolbeing still at my Breast) and took thereout Betwixt = Between

18. What is happening in this picture?