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Oswald Avery

Oswald Avery. By: Jacob Horner, Patrick Fedigan , Michael Lin, and Nick Constant. Background Check. Born on October 21, 1877 Was a Canadian-born American physician and medical researcher Studied in the field of molecular biology

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Oswald Avery

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  1. Oswald Avery By: Jacob Horner, Patrick Fedigan, Michael Lin, and Nick Constant

  2. Background Check • Born on October 21, 1877 • Was a Canadian-born American physician and medical researcher • Studied in the field of molecular biology • His career was spent at Rockefeller University Hospital in New York City • Died February 20, 1955

  3. Frederick Griffith • Frederick Griffith discovered that bacterium are capable of transferring genetic information by a process known as transformation. • This began Avery’s claim to fame. • This discovery was important for Avery because it helped lead to his main achievement. • It helped Avery because he picked up from Griffith’s first discoveries and added on to what was already known.

  4. Avery’s Main Achievement • Years ago, it was always believed that genetic information was found in cell protein. • Oswald Avery discovered that genetic information is found in the DNA of cells, disproving that protein carried a cells genetic information. • By heat-treating bacteria, Avery injected the bacteria with a substance containing enzymes that destroyed proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acid RNA, but transformation still occurred. • This showed that protein was not responsible for transferring genetic information. • By repeating the experiment one more time, this time they used enzymes to break down DNA. • When DNA was destroyed, transformation did not occur. This proved that DNA was the transforming factor.

  5. Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase • Hershey and Chase continued Avery’s research with the “Hershey-Chase” experiment. • The Hershey-Chase experiment helped confirm that DNA is genetic material • Because of this, people knew that proteins carried the information for inheritance.

  6. Sources • http://media-2.web.britannica.com/eb-media/12/160212-004-5DF19B15.jpg • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oswald_Avery • Miller and Levine Biology Textbook

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