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Post-Classical Period

Post-Classical Period. 600-1450. Middle East & ISLAM. Sasanid Empire 224 – 651 CE Muhammad 570 – 632 CE Prophet of Allah Sees Islam as an extension of Christianity Muslims begin to take over the Middle East Islam spreads most successfully in urban areas Umayaad, Abbasid

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Post-Classical Period

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  1. Post-Classical Period 600-1450

  2. Middle East & ISLAM • Sasanid Empire 224 – 651 CE • Muhammad 570 – 632 CE • Prophet of Allah • Sees Islam as an extension of Christianity • Muslims begin to take over the Middle East • Islam spreads most successfully in urban areas • Umayaad, Abbasid • Europe was under the cloud of the Dark Ages, but advancements in learning, exploration, mathematics, and history were thriving in Islam • Sunni/Shi’ite split

  3. THE ISLAMIC EMPIRE AT ITS HEIGHT

  4. Europe in the Middle Ages • Germanic Kingdoms- Religion • Many nomadic groups as well • Byzantine Empire • Kiev • Feudalism • Population explosion during “High Middle Ages’ • Schism of 1054 CE • Crusades- 1099-1294 CE

  5. China at its Height • Sui 589-618 CE • Grand Canal • Buddhist • Tang 618-907 CE • Chang’an- the most prosperous and populous city in the world • Neoconfucianism

  6. EAST ASIA, cont. • Song 960 - 1279 CE • Increased agricultural capacity • Increased economic productivity • Improved military technology • Footbinding • Japan • Adoption of Buddhism • Taika Reforms 646 CE • Korea • Adoption of Buddhism & Confucianism • Printing, textiles • Vietnam • Women have more freedom • Villages are strongest centers of government

  7. Americas • Maya 300-800 CE • Maize • City-kingdoms • Aztecs 1325-1520 CE • Empire fed itself on conquest • Chinampas • Inca 1425-1530 CE • Allyu, mit’a & reciprocal labor obligations • Bureaucracy/Quipu (or khipu) • Northern Amerindians • Many different tribes and organizations, with varying degrees of social stratification and government

  8. Mongols • Migrate with herds- excellent horsemen • Very independent clans until Ghengis Khan (r. 1206-1227) • Yuan (China)- Khublai Khan 1279-1368 • Il-Khans (Persia) 1258-1335 • Devastated economy- tax farming • Became Muslim • Golden Horde (Russia) 1237-1450s • Muslim • “Mongol Yoke”- though protected, Russia is isolated from economic and technological developments of elsewhere

  9. Impact of Mongols • Secured long-distance trade and communication routes • Destroyed many important cultural centers & systems • Maintained peace for a relatively long time (Pax Mongolica) • Spread the plague • Redistributed conquered peoples with specialized skills • Inspired a prompt return to traditional Chinese culture in the Ming dynasty

  10. Ming • Peasants overthrow Mongol dynasty after major economic downturn/plague • Neoconfucianism • Civil Service Exam • Voyages of Zheng He (1405-1423 CE) • New food crops + favorable trade with Europe

  11. Africa • Trans-Saharan gold trade • Ghana, Mali, Songhai • Islam • Christianity, Axum • Swahili Coast • Women have a higher status

  12. Tropical Asia • Sultanate of Delhi 1206-1526 CE • Overtaxed subjects • Muslim • Indian Ocean Trading Ports • Highly lucrative • Producers and traders • Port of Malacca

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