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Ch.12 Sec. 1: Arranging the Elements

Ch.12 Sec. 1: Arranging the Elements. Explain how elements are arranged in the modern periodic table Compare metals, nonmetals, and metalloids based on their properties and on their location in the periodic table. . Mendeleev. Periodic Law:

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Ch.12 Sec. 1: Arranging the Elements

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  1. Ch.12 Sec. 1: Arranging the Elements Explain how elements are arranged in the modern periodic table Compare metals, nonmetals, and metalloids based on their properties and on their location in the periodic table.

  2. Mendeleev • Periodic Law: • States that the repeating chemical and physical properties of elements change periodically with the elements’ atomic numbers. • Discovered a pattern to the elements . • They repeated every 7 elements. • Made a table known as the “Periodic Table of Elements”

  3. Question: • What property is used to arrange elements in the periodic table? • Answer: • Mendeleev had arranged elements based on increasing atomic mass.

  4. The Periodic Table and Classes of Elements • Elements are classified as metals, nonmetals, and metalloids, according to their properties. • The number of electrons in the outer energy level of an atom determines which category an element belongs in. • The zigzag line on the periodic table allows you to recognize which elements are metals, nonmetals, or metalloids.

  5. Metals • Most elements are metals • Metals are found on the left of the zigzag line. • They have few electrons in their outer energy level. • Properties of metals are: • Shiny • Good conductors of electric current (electricity) • Good conductors of thermal energy (heat) • Malleable- able to be flattened with a hammer and not shatter. • Most are solid at room temperature • Mercury is liquid at room temperature.

  6. Nonmetals • Found to the right of the zigzag line • Have almost a complete set of electrons in their outer energy level • More than ½ of nonmetals are gases at room temperature • Properties of nonmetals: • Not malleable • Not shiny • Poor conductors of thermal energy • Poor conductors of electric energy

  7. Metalliods • AKA semiconductors • They border the zigzag line • They have half of a complete set of electrons in their outer energy level • Properties: • Will have some properties of metals and some properties of non metals • See figure 5 for an example

  8. Decoding the Periodic Table • Each square includes: • Elements name • Chemical symbol • First letter is always capitalized. Any other letter is lower case. • Atomic number • Atomic mass • Rows are called periods: • Physical and chemical properties repeat across the period. Like conductivity and reactivity. • Columns are called groups: • Aka family • Elements often have similar chem. & phys. properties

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