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Spray Tip Update

Spray Tip Update. Robert E. Wolf Extension Specialist. Biological and Agricultural Engineering. 3-Ring Binder Materials:. 2003 Chemical Weed Control Pages 5-10 Application items – last tab Various publications Windmeters TeeJet Buyers Guide Hypro Tip Guide.

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Spray Tip Update

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  1. Spray Tip Update Robert E. Wolf Extension Specialist Biological and Agricultural Engineering

  2. 3-Ring Binder Materials: • 2003 Chemical Weed Control • Pages 5-10 • Application items – last tab • Various publications • Windmeters • TeeJet Buyers Guide • Hypro Tip Guide

  3. Nozzle Technology? How to use?? • Nozzles designed to reduce drift • Improved drop size control • Emphasis on ‘Spray Quality’

  4. Nozzles are important because: • Control the amount – GPA. • Determine uniformity of application. • Affects the coverage. • Influences the drift potential.

  5. Coverage: • Need knowledge of the product being used. • Systemic • Contact • What is the target? • Soil • Grass • Broadleaf (smooth, hairy, waxy) • Leaf orientation – time of day

  6. Will affect drift: • Movement of spray particles off-target. • Creating smaller spray drops will result in increased drift. • Is it Coverage vs Drift? • What is the answer? $64,000 Question?

  7. Why Interest in Drift? • Spotty pest control • Wasted chemicals • Off-target damage • More high value specialty crops • Urban sprawl and..... • Less tolerant neighbors • Litigious Society • More wind?? (Timing) • Environmental impact • Water and Air Quality • Public more aware of pesticide concerns! (Negative) (Perceptions) • Result-higher costs-$$$

  8. Spray Characteristics are Important to Understand: Demonstrates Turbo Flat vs TurboDrop-5 MPH Wind

  9. Page 7 - TeeJet

  10. www.hypro.com Page 4

  11. Nozzles Types?

  12. Is this tip good or bad?

  13. Extended Range Flat-fan: • Tapered edge pattern • 80 and 110 degree fan • Requires overlap - 50 to 60% • 15-60 psi range 80° 110°

  14. Nozzles Types?

  15. Turbo Flat-fan: • Turbulence chamber as in the Turbo Flood • Tapered edge, wide angle flat pattern • Designed to work in flat-fan nozzle holder • Uniform spray distribution, 50-60% overlap • Wide pressure range, 15 – 90 psi • Large, drift resistant droplets • Plastic with superior wear characteristics XR TT

  16. Nozzles Types?

  17. Air-Induction/Venturi Nozzles Where air is drawn into the nozzle cavity and exits with the fluid.

  18. Air/Induction – Venturi Nozzle: • Spraying Systems AI TeeJet • Air intake venturi section • Mixing Chamber - air and spray solution blended • Exit orifice - Pattern tip - forms large air-bubble drops • Better Penetration? • Reduced run-off? • Improved coverage? • Adequate efficacy? • Reduced drift? YES!!!

  19. Air/Induction – Venturi Nozzle: • Greenleaf – TurboDrop • Air intake venturi section • Mixing Chamber - air and spray solution blended • Pattern tip forms large air-bubble drops • Exit tip flow 2X venturi orifice • Better Penetration? • Reduced run-off? • Improved coverage? • Adequate efficacy? • Reduced drift?

  20. XR Flat-fan and Turbo Flat-fan compared to Venturi Style 5.0 MPH wind at 40 psi XR vs TurboDrop Turbo Flat vs Turbo Drop

  21. Driftable Droplets: Spraying Systems-2000

  22. 2001 Research Results

  23. Objective of this study: Field measure the spray droplet characteristics of venturi flat-fan nozzles at 50 PSI compared to extended range flat-fan nozzles at 25 PSI, and turbo flat-fan and DR flat-fan nozzles at 35 PSI.

  24. Materials and Methods: Spray Tips (4):Extended Range Flat-fan (XR) Turbo Flat-fan (TT) Combo-Jet DR Air Induction Flat-fan (AI) Spray Volumes (2): 5 GPA (110015 orifice tips) 10 GPA (110025 orifice tips) 10 GPA (11003 orifice tips) Application Ground Speed: 4.75 – 5.5 MPH Spray Pressure: 25, 35, and 50 PSI Spray Tip Spacing: 30 inches Canopy Boom Height: 21 inches

  25. paraquat glyphosate

  26. Collection Procedure:

  27. DropletScan used to analyze droplets: Water Sensitive Paper Software & lock-key Color Scanner Portable computer Color Printer System Components

  28. Sample cards: XR TT DR AI XR TT DR AI 5 GPA 10 GPA

  29. Spray Droplet Size – Tip * Volume 5 GPA XR TT DR AI 10 GPA

  30. Drift Potential – Tip * Volume 5 GPA XR TT DR AI 10 GPA

  31. Efficacy – Tip * Volume 5 GPA XR TT DR AI LSD=2 10 GPA

  32. 2002 Research Results

  33. Objective of this study: • Compare the efficacy and spray droplet characteristics of three venturi flat-fan nozzles against the turbo flat-fan tip at 30, 50, and 70 psi.

  34. Materials and Methods: Experiments: Location: Ashland Bottoms, Manhattan, KS Exp. Design: 2 x 3 x 4 split-split plot with 3 reps (24 treatments) Drop Collectors: Placed in 2 reps with 2 cards per rep (96 cards) Plot Size: 3 x 9 m with 1.5 m buffer Weeds: Velvetleaf, common sunflower, sorghum, corn Visual Ratings:1, 2, and 4 weeks after treatment Herbicides (2): Paraquat, 0.487 lb ae/a (1.3pt/a), NIS @ .25% v/v Glyphosate, 0.28lb ae/a (12 oz/a), AMSU @17 lb/100 gal Application Volume: 10 GPA Application Conditions: Date: July 09, 2002 Weed Size: Vele - 15 cm, Cosf - 20 cm, Sorg – 25 cm, Corn – 13 cm Temperature: 98 F R. H.: 20% Wind: S-SW@ 4-5 km/h

  35. Materials and Methods: Spray Tips (4): Turbo Flat-fan (TT) Air Induction Flat-fan (AI) Ultra lo-drift (ULD) Air Mix (AM) Spray Volume: 10 GPA (11002 orifice tips) Spray Pressure: 30, 50, and 70 psi Spray Tip Spacing: 76 cm, tilted 15 degrees Canopy Boom Height: 51 cm

  36. Collection Procedure:

  37. Volume Medium Diameter: *Significant .05

  38. Control: Tip / Pressure *Significant

  39. New Label language-EPA Reviewing Public Comments Public ‘Listening Sessions’ planned Sometime in 200??? Match the crop protection product to the target Adhere to label guidelines based on an industry standard ASAE S-572 Buffer Zones or No Spray Zones Maximize Efficacy Minimize Drift Example Reference Graph 900 800 very fine/ fine fine/medium medium/ coarse coarse/ very coarse 700 very coarse/ extremely coarse 600 XC 500 C VC 400 M 300 F 200 Drop Size (microns) VF 100 0 0.1 0.5 0.9 Cumulative Volume Fraction EPA Requested Changes Coming!?!? VMD

  40. Origin Of Standardized Spray Droplet Size Categories • 1985 -- British Crop Protection Council (BCPC) • Droplet size classifications, primarily designed to enhance efficacy. • Uses the term SPRAY QUALITY for droplet size categories. 2000 -- ASAE Standard S572 • Droplet size classifications, primarily designed to control spray drift. • Uses the term DROPLET SPECTRA CLASSIFICATION for droplet size categories.

  41. ASAE DSC and Volume Median Diameter (DV0.5) From PMS* Laser Spectrometer • Very Fine (VF) < 182µm • Fine (F) 183-280µm • Medium (M) 281-429µm • Coarse (C) 430-531µm • Very Coarse (VC) 532-655µm • Extremely Coarse (XC) >656µm Droplet Spectra Classification (DSC) Droplet Size Range *USDA ARS College Station, TX

  42. Page 4

  43. Important Droplet Statistics: VMD (50%) Operational Area VD0.9 (90%) VD0.1 (10%)

  44. Thanks

  45. For more information contact: rewolf@ksu.edu www.bae.ksu.edu/rewolf/

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