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Introduction

Introduction. Welcome. What is Ultrasound?. ul - tra -sound is a cyclic sound pressure wave with a frequency greater than the upper limit of human hearing. Frequency band of sound:. Audible Sound. Ultrasound. Infrasound. Low inaudible Soundwaves. Range of most human hearing.

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Introduction

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  1. Introduction Welcome www.sdtnorthamerica.com

  2. What is Ultrasound? • ul-tra-sound • is a cyclic sound pressure wave with a frequency greater than the upper limit of human hearing. Frequency band of sound: Audible Sound Ultrasound Infrasound Low inaudible Soundwaves Range of most human hearing High inaudible Soundwaves 20Hz 2000Hz / 20Khz

  3. Characteristics of Ultrasound Waves: Normal Sound Ultrasound Ultrasound waves act physically different than audible sound waves: • Stays where it starts • Low Penetrating Power • Short wavelengths don’t stray from source

  4. Sound Perception Ultrasonic Range= above of human hear perception Infrasonic Range= below of human hear perception www.sdtnorthamerica.com

  5. Intensity and Distance Inverse Square Rule Example www.sdtnorthamerica.com

  6. The Decibel Definition Definition of the dB Alexander Graham Bell • dB is logarithmic unit used to describe a ratio. The ratio may be power, sound pressure, voltage or intensity. • SDT’s reference value is 0dB = 1 µv www.sdtnorthamerica.com

  7. The Decibel Scale www.sdtnorthamerica.com

  8. Ultrasound Applications Generalities www.sdtnorthamerica.com

  9. Ultrasound Sources Naturally occurring ultrasound (Passive) • Friction • Turbulence • Electrical www.sdtnorthamerica.com

  10. Passive Ultrasound • Friction • Bearings • Gear meshing • Coupling • Sheaves and Belts • Turbulence • Leaks • Internal - External • Electrical www.sdtnorthamerica.com

  11. Ultrasound Detector Uses different sensors to detect ultrasound waves • Airborne Sensors • Contact Sensors Converts ultrasound waves into audible sound waves P +20Khz Only detects Ultrasound waves. Audible range sound waves are ignored.

  12. Airborne Pressure Vacuum Steam traps Electrical Structure borne Vacuum Valves & Steam traps Bearings Hydraulic Introduction Medium of Transport www.sdtnorthamerica.com

  13. How it Works • Convert inaudible to audible - heterodyne • Maintain ultrasound representation • Measure ultrasound intensity for trending www.sdtnorthamerica.com

  14. ? Standard Uses • Compressed Air Leaks • Steam Traps • Condition Monitoring – Bearings, Motors, Fans • Acoustic Lubrication • Electrical Inspections • Tightness Testing

  15. Sources of Natural Ultrasonic Noises • Turbulence • Leaks in Pressurized Systems • Leaks in Vacuum Systems • Leaks in Hydraulic Systems • Leaks in Steam Systems • Friction and Impacts • Wear from Mechanical Parts • Couplings, Gears, Bearings • Electrical Arcing • Faults in Electrical Systems • Arcing, Tracking, Corona Discharge, RTV Interference

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