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Lactation

Lactation. Lactation. Physiology of lactation Changes during pregnancy Increased breast tissue Maturation of structure Hormonal controls Prolactin: stimulates milk production Oxytocin: stimulates milk release “let-down” reflex. SFCC: Figure 14.12. SFCC: Figure 14.14. Lactation.

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Lactation

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  1. Lactation

  2. Lactation • Physiology of lactation • Changes during pregnancy • Increased breast tissue • Maturation of structure • Hormonal controls • Prolactin: stimulates milk production • Oxytocin: stimulates milk release • “let-down” reflex

  3. SFCC: Figure 14.12

  4. SFCC: Figure 14.14

  5. Lactation • Nutrition for breastfeeding women • Energy and protein • higher needs than pregnancy • Vitamins and minerals • Most are higher or same as pregnancy • Iron and folate needs are lower • Water • Food choices • Practices to avoid while breastfeeding • Alcohol, drugs, smoking, excess caffeine

  6. Lactation • Benefits of breastfeeding • Benefits for infants • Optimal nutrition • Reduced incidence of respiratory, GI, ear infections • Convenience • Other benefits • Benefits for mother • Convenience • Enhance recovery of uterus size • Other benefits • Contraindications to breastfeeding

  7. balance of nutrients with high bioavailabity. good hormones cognitive development less infections less diseases less food allergies contracts the uterus delays menstration conserves iron stores may protect against breast cancer convenient bonding time with baby Benefits of Breastfeedingbabies moms

  8. Lactation Nutrient Needs • Energy Intake • need about +650 kcals to support milk production; recommend +500 from food and rest from fat stores; • Vitamin and Minerals • maintained in breast milk at expense of maternal stores if poor intake; B6, B12, A, D;

  9. Water • need plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration • drink a glass of fluid at each meal • Nutrient Supplements • iron to replace stores • often continue prenatal vitamins • Particular Foods • foods with strong or spicy flavors may alter flavor of breast milk • some infants may be sensitive to particular foods that mom eats

  10. During Lactation Don’t: • Don’t drink alcohol • Don’t take medications unless OK by Medical Provider • Don’t take illegal drugs • Don’t smoke • Don’t get into environmental contaminants • Don’t have caffeine

  11. Lactation and Maternal Health • Illnesses • colds: OK to breastfeed; TB/Hepatitis may have to pump • HIV Infection and AIDS • should NOT breastfeed if there is an alternative way of feeding; • Diabetes: OK • Breast Health

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