Pesticide Safety

1. Pesticide Safety Protecting Yourself

2. Pesticides • Insecticides • Herbicides • Fungicides

3. Pesticide Injuries

4. Injuries – Mixing and Loading • 60% of injuries • Application makes up less than ½ (38%) • Over ½ (57%) of injuries are systemic. • About 25% are eye injuries

5. Toxicity of Pesticides Toxicity – capability of a substance to cause injury or death. How poisonous it is!

6. Risk? • Hazard = Toxicity x Exposure

7. What is a Formulation • How a pesticide is packaged. • Contains: • Active Ingredient • Inert Ingredient

8. Types of formulations • Wet • More easily absorbed • Dry • More easily inhaled

9. Liquid Formulations • EC –emulsifiable concentrate • S - soluble • ULV – ultra low volume • F or FL - flowables • ME – micro-encapsulated

10. Dry Formulations • WP – Wettable powder • DF – Dry Flowable • WDG – Water Dispersable Granule • D - Dust • P or G – Pellets or Granules • M or ME – Micro-Encapsulated

11. Capture 2 EC

12. Counter 15G

13. Benlate SP

14. Effects of Different Formulations

15. Routes of Exposure

16. Rates of Absorption

18. Acute and Chronic Toxicity • Acute Exposure • Immediate effects of a single, short term dose. • All routes are considered during testing..dermal, oral, eye and inhalation

19. Measuring Toxicity – LD50

20. Some Common Oral LD50 Values • Aldicarb (Temik) (I) – ----------------------0.9 • Ethyl parathion (I) - -------------------------3 • Carbofuran (Furadan)(I) -------------------8 • Methyl parathion (I) – ----------------------9 • Caffeine-----------------------------------------200 • 2,4-D (H)----------------------------------------375 • Table Salt---------------------------------------3750 • Permethrin (Ambush) (I) ------------------4000 • Imathamethabenz-methyl (Assert) (H)-->5000 • Glyphosate (Roundup)(H)-------------------5600 • Picloram (Tordon)(H)------------------------8200 • Captan (F)--------------------------------------9000

21. Signal Words • Danger-Poison (I) • Danger (I) • Warning (II) • Caution (III) • Caution (IV)

22. …..Signal Words…...Indicate the relative toxicity of a pesticide

29. Chronic Toxicity • The delayed effects of repeated exposures over a long period of time. • Effects evaluated in the lab include • Potential tumors • Birth defects • Reproductive effects

30. Material Safety Data Sheets • Provide details on both acute and chronic exposures. • Provides basis for protective gear (PPE) • WWW.greenbook.net

33. Other Label Information Agricultural Use Requirements REI’s

36. Pesticide Poisoning

37. Protecting your Bod! • Skin • Eyes • Ingestion • Inhalation

38. Coveralls • For Toxicity Class III or IV – Cotton (tight weave), Kleenguard® coveralls • For Toxicity Class (II) – Possibly cotton, Tyvek. • For Toxicty Class I – PVC, Nitrile, Tychem®, sealed or serged seams.

39. Woven Materials Laminated vs. Woven

40. PVC Polyethylene coated Tyvek

41. Gloves • Want unlined gloves! • Do Not Wear Leather Gloves! • Do Not Wear exam gloves! • Check for holes often! • Want 14 mils or higher!

42. Glove Material • Nitrile – Good overall protection, $2.39/pr • Neoprene – Softer, better dexterity - $5.16 • Natural Rubber – Use only on dry or water based formulations - $11-18.00/pr • Butyl – For High Toxicity Pesticides - $18.45 • PVC – Anyhydrous ammonia - $4.00/pr • Viton – Superior Protection but $174.50/pr

43. Glove Material Classification A---Any dry or water based pesticide formulation.    B---Any pesticide with acetate as the carrier solvent.    C---Any pesticide with alcohol as the carrier solvent. Example - Comite® D---Any pesticide with halogenated hydrocarbons as the carrier. E---Any pesticide with ketones (such as acetone) as the carrier solvent. Example - Poast Plus®, Weedone 638®, 2,4-D LV 6 Ester® F---Any pesticide with ketone and aromatic petroleum distillate mixtures as the carrier solvent. Example - Di-syston 8® G---Any pesticide with aliphatic petroleum distillates ( such as kerosene, petroleum oil or mineral oil as the carrier solvent. Example - Guthion 2L® H---Any pesticide that has aromatic petroleum distillates (such as xylene) as the carrier solvent.

44. Gloves

45. Protecting Your Head Ball Cap? No..No Straw Hat? No. Yes!

46. Eye Protection • Goggles • Face Shields • Safety Glasses • But never wear contacts when spraying pesticides!!!

47. Respirators

48. Heat Stress While Spraying Pesticides • Pesticide users are at higher risk… • More clothing • Toxic environments • Other stress factors • Hard work • More exposed to sun • Difficult to drink water

49. Heat Exhaustion • Overheating of the body due to excessive loss of water or, in rare cases, salt depletion. • Symptoms include: • thirst, headache • Pallor • Dizziness • possibly nausea or vomiting. • In severe cases, your heart may race and you may feel disoriented.

50. Heat Stroke • Body's thermoregulatory system stops working. • Many of the symptoms are the same as for heat exhaustion. • But there are additional symptoms • cessation of sweating • difficulty walking • disorientation and fainting or; • unconsciousness