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Diateza pasiva

Diateza pasiva. (passive voice) -prezentare -. formare. Fiecare timp are o schema de formare la diateza activa (vezi schemele de la timpurile verbale) si o schema de formare la diateza pasiva , ce vor fi prezentate mai jos.

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Diateza pasiva

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  1. Diateza pasiva (passive voice) -prezentare -

  2. formare • Fiecare timp are o schema de formare la diateza activa (vezi schemele de la timpurile verbale) si o schema de formare la diateza pasiva, ce vor fi prezentate mai jos. • In diateza activa subiectul este cel care face actiunea.(ex.:Mama uda florile). • In diateza pasiva actiunea se rasfrange asupra subiectului.(ex. Florile sunt udate de mama).

  3. observatii • La absolut toate timpurile verbul este la forma a treia (cel neregulat) sau cu terminatia “-ed” (cel regulat). Ce se schimba pentru fiecare timp este ceea ce exista intre subiect si verb. • In limba romana exista cel putin 2 modalitati de a exprima o actiune la diateza pasiva (se va ilustra la exemple). In limba engleza se respecta doar schema timpului respectiv. Simboluri: • Verb forma a treia sau cu terminatia “-ed”=> V(III)/ V(-ed)

  4. Present Simple • Afirmativ: S + am/is/are + V(III)/ V(-ed)… • Negativ : S + am/is/are + not+ V(III)/ V(-ed).. • Interogativ: am/is/are + S + V(III)/ V(-ed)…? Ex.: Lectia este scrisa zilnic./ Se scrie lectia zilnic. The lesson is written daily. Vasele nu sunt spalate in fiecare seara./ Nu se spala vasele in fiecare seara. The dishes aren’t washed every evening.

  5. Present Continuous • Afirmativ: S + am/is/are + being + V(III)/ V(-ed)… • Negativ: S+ am/is/are + not + being + V(III)/ V(-ed)… • Interogativ: am/is/are + S + being + V(III)/ V(-ed)…? Ex.: Lectia este scrisa acum./ Se scrie lectia acum. The lesson is being written now. Vasele nu sunt spalate acum./ Nu se spala vasele acum. The dishes are not being washed now.

  6. Past Simple • Afirmativ: S + was/were + V(III)/ V(-ed)… • Negativ: S + was/were + not + V(III)/ V(-ed)… • Interogativ: Was/were + S + V(III)/ V(-ed)…? Ex.: Lectia a fost scrisa ieri./ S-a scris lectia ieri. The lesson was written yesterday. Vasele nu au fost spalate acum 2 ore./ Nu s-au spalat vasele acum 2 ore. The dishes weren’t washed two hours ago.

  7. Past Continuous • Afirmativ: S + was/were + being + V(III)/ V(-ed)… • Negativ: S + was/were + not + being + V(III)/ V(-ed)… • Interogativ: Was/were + S + being + V(III)/ V(-ed)…? Ex.: • Lectia era scrisa (Se scria lectia) ieri pe vremea asta. The lesson was being written at this time yesterday. • Vasele nu erau spalate (Vasele nu se spalau) ieri pe vremea asta. The dishes were not being washed at this time yesterday.

  8. Present Perfect Simple • Afirmativ: S + have/has + been + V(III)/ V(-ed)… • Negativ: S + have/has + not + been + V(III)/ V(-ed)… • Interogativ: Have/has + S + been + V(III)/ V(-ed)…? Ex: • S-a scris lectia. • The lesson has been written. • Nu s-au spalat vasele. • The dishes haven’t been washed.

  9. Past Perfect Simple • Afirmativ: S + had+ been + V(III)/ V(-ed)… • Negativ: S + had + not + been + V(III)/ V(-ed)… • Interogativ: Had + S + been + V(III)/ V(-ed)…? Ex.: • Se scrisese lectia inainte de ora 6. • The lesson had been written by six o’clock. • Nu se spalasera vasele inainte de ora 6. • The dishes hadn’t been washed by six o’clock.

  10. Future Simple • Afirmativ: S + will + be + V(III)/ V(-ed)… • Negativ: S + will + not + be + V(III)/V(ed)… • Interogativ: Will + S + be + V(III)/ V(ed)…? • Observatie: will + not = won’t Ex.: • Se va scrie lectia. • The lesson will be written. • Nu se vor spala vasele. • The dishes won’t be washed.

  11. Future Continuous • Afirmativ: S + will + be + being + V(III)/ V(-ed)… • Negativ: S + will + not + be + being + V(III)/ V(-ed)… • Interogativ: Will + S + be + being + V(III)/ V(-ed)…? Ex.: • Se va scrie lectia maine pe vremea asta. • The lesson will be being written at this time tomorrow. • Nu se vor spala vasele maine pe vrema asta. • The dishes won’t be being washed at this time tomorrow.

  12. Future Perfect • Afirmativ: S + will + have + been + V(III)/ V(-ed)… • Negativ: S + will + not +have + been + V(III)/V(-ed)… • Interogativ: Will + S + have+ been + V(III)/ V(-ed)…? Ex.: • Se va scrie lectia pana la ora 7. • The lesson will have been written by seven c’clock. • Nu se vor spala vasele pana la ora 7. • The dishes won’t have been washed by seven c’clock.

  13. “going to” Future • Afirmativ: S + am/is/are + going to be + V(III)/ V(-ed)… • Negativ: S + am/is/are + not going to be + V(III)/V(ed)… • Interogativ: am/is/are + S + going to be + V(III)/ V(ed)…? Ex.: • Se intentioneaza scrierea lectiei. • The lesson is going to be written. • Nu se intentioneaza spalarea vaselor. • The dishes aren’t going to be washed.

  14. Future-in-the-Past • Afirmativ: S + would + be + V(III)/ V(-ed)… • Negativ: S + would + not + be + V(III)/V(ed)… • Interogativ: would + S + be + V(III)/ V(ed)…? Ex.: • El a intrebat daca se va scrie lectia. • He asked if the lesson would be written. • Noi am spus ca nu se vor spala vasele. • We said that the dishes wouldn’t be washed.

  15. Verbe modale (can, may, must, should etc.) • Afirmativ: S + modal + be + V(III)/ V(-ed)… • Negativ: S + modal + not + be + V(III)/V(ed)… • Interogativ: modal + S + be + V(III)/ V(ed)…? Ex.: • Lectia trebuie scrisa pana la ora 7. • The lesson must be written by seven c’clock. • Nu ar trebui sa fie spalate vasele a doua zi. • The dishes shouldn’t be washed the next day. • Vasele ar putea fi spalate repede. • The dishes could be washed quickly.

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