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Chemical Behavior of Metals

Chemical Behavior of Metals. Chapter 3: Activity 3. Which Metals Won’t Corrode?. What would happen if solid metal zinc was placed in a copper nitrate solution? Zn + Cu(NO 3 ) 2 ?. Is Zn higher than Cu on the list?. Use the Activity Series of Metals to determine if a reaction will occur.

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Chemical Behavior of Metals

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  1. Chemical Behavior of Metals Chapter 3: Activity 3

  2. Which Metals Won’t Corrode? What would happen if solid metal zinc was placed in a copper nitrate solution? Zn + Cu(NO3)2 ?

  3. Is Zn higher than Cu on the list? Use the Activity Series of Metals to determine if a reaction will occur Li K Ba Sr Ca Na Mg Al MnZn Fe Cd Co Ni Sn Pb HCu Ag Hg Au

  4. Activity Series of Metals YES Zn is Higher than Cu Decreasing Activity Li K Ba Sr Ca Na Mg Al MnZn Zn + Cu(NO3)2 → Zn(NO3)2 + Cu Fe Cd Co Ni Sn Pb HCu Ag Hg Au

  5. So what is happening? • Zn is more reactive than Cu • It will lose it’s outer most electrons (valence electrons) easier than Cu will.

  6. So what is happening? .

  7. Recap • In solution, metals are floating around by themselves as ions • Metals that are higher on the Activity Series are more reactive than metals lower on the list • Metals that are higher are more reactive and want to lose their valence electrons

  8. Some practice • Will this reaction happen? Cu + AgNO3→ ? • Yes, Cu is higher on the list • Cu + AgNO3→ Ag + Cu(NO3)2 • So, after the reaction, silver is now the solid!

  9. Some practice • Will this reaction happen? Cu + Pb(NO3)2→ ? • No, Cu is lower on the list • Cu + Pb(NO3)2 → No Reaction • So, copper is still a solid

  10. Why do metals react? • Metals that are more reactive want to LOSE electrons • This is called OXIDATION Cu + AgNO3→ Ag + Cu(NO3)2 • When the less reactive metal GAIN these lost electrons • This is calledREDUCTION • SO… Cu Lost Electrons =Oxidation Ag Gained Electrons = Reduction 0 +1 0 +2

  11. REDOX REACTIONS • LEO the lion goes GER • Losing Electrons is Oxidation • Gaining Electrons is Reduction

  12. Oxidation Mg + S MgS Mg lost electrons 0 +2 Mg has been oxidized OXIDATION

  13. Reduction Mg + S MgS S gained electrons 0 -2 Sulfur has been reduced REDUCTION

  14. Leo the lion goes Ger Mg + S MgS S is REDUCED 0 -2 0 +2 Mg is Oxidized

  15. Batteries • Metals that are farther apart on the activity series will produce a more efficient battery

  16. Batteries Li KBaSr Ca Na Mg AlMnZn FeCd Co NiSnPb HCu Ag Hg Au 0.51

  17. Applications of Metal corrosion reactions What is this???

  18. Applications of Metal corrosion reactions MRE

  19. The idea behind a flameless heater is to use the oxidation of a metal to generate heat. Magnesium metal works better than iron because it rusts much more quickly. To make a flameless heater, magnesium dust is mixed with salt and a little iron dust in a thin, flexible pad about the size of a playing card. To activate the heater, a soldier adds a little water. Within seconds the flameless heater reaches the boiling point and is bubbling and steaming. To heat the meal, the soldier simply inserts the heater and the MRE pouch back in the box that the pouch came in. Ten minutes later, dinner is served!

  20. MRE

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