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Breakout of

Breakout of . World War II. · many Europeans were prepared to agree to certain German demands with the _________ _________________. · some French and British viewed the Nazi ideology regarding its hatred of communism as acceptable .

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Breakout of

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  1. Breakout of World War II

  2. ·many Europeans were prepared to agree to certain German demands with the _________ _________________. ·some French and British viewed the Nazi ideology regarding its hatred of communism as acceptable ·without __________, nations will go through various short-lived governments, which will lead to inconsistent policies within the nation -after WWI, relations were strained between English and French Canadians which many did not want to rekindle by entering another war

  3. ·a nations leadership will set the domestic and external policy goals for that nation ·during periods of crisis, public will expect the national leadership to secure their well being ·Totalitarian State: decisions affecting the nation are made with _________________________. ·Democratic Government: aware of public input and public opinion; the setting of national goals is _____________________. NOTE: National decision making and meaningful public input/opinion is restricted during periods of national crisis

  4. Responses to the Outbreak Germany (Adolf Hitler) ·By September 1939, effective domestic political opposition to Hitler's regime had been greatly eliminated -German public ______ play a huge role in the decision to initiate a major war -Hitler's sole prerogative was to invade Poland

  5. Britain (Neville Chamberlain/Winston Churchill) ·British public and its elected leadership wanted to avoid another world war ·Chamberlain's government had staked its foreign policy hopes on the strategy of ___ ____________. ·British had wanted to ______ their involvement once the war had begun

  6. France (Charles DeGaulle) ·French public and military were haunted by the experiences in WWI (cost France an entire generation) ·French military devised a defensive military strategy ·Nation was ___________ between political right & left -extreme right openly _______ Hitler's anti-Semitic and anti communist beliefs

  7. Canada ·English Canada and French Canada differed greatly as to the appropriateness of Canadian involvement in another world war: -________ Canada was prepared to enter the war and support the Britain -________ Canada opposed Canada's entry into the war

  8. __________ (Franklin Roosevelt) ·No significant public support for American involvement in an European war ·American isolationist sentiment remained a significant influence on decision makers (similar to their refusal to join League of Nations)

  9. Nazi-Soviet Pact ·Neither Hitler or Stalin trusted each other, but they both felt that it was in their best interests not to engage in an immediate war -_______: thought it was strategically smart to form a treaty with Hitler because he feared an eventual German invasion -_______: did not want to have the Soviets assist Poland (his next target) However, behind the pact there were some secret agreements : -it divided Poland between Germany and Soviet Union -it allowed the Soviets to occupy the Baltic states and part of Romania ·In Hitler's book "Mein Kampf" he addressed his intent to _______ __________ and overtake large areas of Eastern Europe for German settlements ·From the Soviet perspective, occupying Eastern Poland meant that German forces were an additional 160 kms from the Soviet Union

  10. German Military Strategy War plans were not defensive, rather incorporated an offensive strategy ·Factors influencing the favored strategy: -available resources -presence & commitment of military allies -potential enemies -previous wartime experiences -public support for war effort

  11. Blitzkrieg (meaning lightning war) ·Hitler unleashed German forces on September 1, 1939 ·Involved the coordination use of ________ and ________: -air attack would weaken and disrupt enemy forces and then tank forces would smash through enemy lines -attack would be continuous giving the enemy little time to organize an effective defense http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8ha0qKquG2E

  12. Poland: Blitzkreig and Total War ·Luftwaffe quickly destroyed the Polish air force -they bombed defenceless Polish cities -Warsaw was bombed and thousands of civilians were killed -by mid-September 1939, Polish resistance to the Germans had ended -Soviet forces occupied ____ Poland -by October, Poland ceased to exist ·Poland possessed geographic & military disadvantages: -separated from western Europe -no geographic barriers along its borders -Polish army was not mechanized and relied on cavalry -Polish air force was _____ and ______ (technologically) compared to Luftwaffe ·The speed & totality of the German victory surprised western powers and added to their resistance to engage in German forces

  13. The Fall of France ·After the failure of appeasement to prevent war, many German victories, and inactive democracies, Chamberlain was not trusted by others and began losing his leadership -on May 10, 1940, Chamberlain resigned and _______ ___________ became British Prime Minister -this was also the day that Germans invaded the Netherlands and Belgium ·Once again, German troops quickly gained victory and they moved towards France -British Expeditionary Force was trapped at the port of _________ -Naval vessels, merchant ships, fishing and pleasure boats were sent and were able to evacuate over 300,000 men from Dunkirk -also referred to as "Miracle at Dunkirk" ·With German victory in sight, Mussolini (______) declared war on France ·June 1940, France signed an armistice (agree to stop fighting) with Germany

  14. Battle of Britain ·June 1940, Hitler issued orders to begin preparations to invade Britain -their plan was to gain air superiority over the English Channel ·Late August 1940, Germans accidentally bombed London: -British retaliated and bombed Berlin -Hitler bombed urban and industrial centers as well as air bases -mid-September 1940, plans to invade Britain were ____________ ·Battle of Britain began in late August: -_________________________ became the prime targets for the German airforces -the goal was to destroy the RAF which would enable German forces to cross the English channel -outnumbered RAF was aided by the development of the radar -significant number of Canadian pilots participated in the Battle English Channel ·Although the British forces (Royal Navy and Air Force) were smaller than those of the Germans, their strength made a German invasion across the English Channel difficult ·by the end of 1941, over 13,000 Londoners were killed http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f1OXlb6UcqM

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