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Section 3: COMPOUND NAMES AND FORMULAS

Section 3: COMPOUND NAMES AND FORMULAS. How are ionic compounds named ? What do the numerical prefixes used in naming covalent compounds tell you ? What does a compound´s empirical formula indicate ?. Key Ideas. Key Terms.

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Section 3: COMPOUND NAMES AND FORMULAS

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  1. Section 3: COMPOUND NAMES AND FORMULAS

  2. How are ioniccompoundsnamed? What do thenumericalprefixesused in namingcovalentcompoundstellyou? Whatdoes a compound´sempirical formula indicate? Key Ideas

  3. Key Terms

  4. Thenames of ioniccompoundsconsist of thenames of theionsthatmake up thecompounds Name of cationsincludetheelements of whichthey are composed Namingioniccompounds

  5. Names of anions are alterednames of elements • NaF: ismade of sodiumions, Na+, and fluorideions, F-. Therefore, itsnameissodiumfluoride • Anioniccompoundmusthave a total charge of zero • Ifanioniccompoundismade up of ionsthathavedifferentcharges, the ratio willnotbe 1:1 • Forcalciumfluoridetohave a total charge of zero, theremustbetwofluorideionsforeverycalcium ion Namingioniccompounds

  6. Somecationnamesmust show theircharge • Thecharge of theironcation in Fe2O3isdifferentfromthecharge of theironcation in FeO. In cases such as this, thecationnamemustbefollowedby a Roman numeral in parenthesesthat shows thecation’scharge. • Fe2O3ismade of Fe3+ions, so itisnamediron (III) oxide. FeOismade of Fe2+ions, so itisnamediron (II) oxide. Namingioniccompounds

  7. Determine thecharge of a transition metal cation • How can youtellthattheiron ion in Fe2O3 has a charge of 3+? • Write formulas forioniccompoundusingnames • You can findthecharge of each ion in a compoundifyou are giventhecompound’s formula. You can findthe formula for a compoundifyou are giventhecompound’sname Namingioniccompounds

  8. MathSkills: WritingIonic Formulas • Gotogo.hrw.com and enterkeywordHK8MP Namingioniccompounds

  9. Forcovalentcompoundsortwoelements, numericalprefixestellhowmanyatoms of eachelement are in themolecule • Numericalprefixes are usedtonamecovalentcompounds of twoelements • Ifthereisonlyoneatom of thefirstelement, thenamedoesnotget a prefix • Theelementfarthertotheright in theperiodictableisnamedsecond and ends in –ide • Oneboronatom and threefluorineatomsmake up borontrifluoride, BF3 Naming COVALENT compounds

  10. Anempirical formula tellsusthesmallestwhole-number ratio of atomsthat are in a compound Differentcompounds can havesameempirical formula Molecular formulas are determinedfromempirical formulas Masses can beusedto determine empirical formulas EMPIRICAL FORMULAS

  11. Empirical formula: thecomposition of a compound in terms of therelativenumber and kinds of atoms in thesimplest ratio Molecular formula: a chemical formula that shows thenumber and kinds of atoms in a molecule, butnotthearrengement of atoms EMPIRICAL FORMULAS

  12. MathSkills: FindingEmpirical Formulas • Gotogo.hrw.com and enterkeywordHK8MP EMPIRICAL FORMULAS

  13. HOMEWORK

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